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Deubiquitinase MYSM1 Is Essential for Normal Bone Formation and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.

ABSTRACT: Deubiquitinase MYSM1 has been shown to play a critical role in hematopoietic cell differentiation and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells within the bone marrow. MSCs are progenitors to osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myocytes. Although, MSCs have been extensively studied, the roles of MYSM1 in these cells remain unclear. Here we describe the function of MYSM1 on MSC maintenance and differentiation. In this report, we found that Mysm1-/- mice had a lower bone mass both in long bone and calvaria compared with their control counterpart. Preosteoblasts from Mysm1-/- mice did not show changes in proliferation or osteogenesis when compared to WT mice. Conversely, Mysm1-/- MSCs showed enhanced autonomous differentiation and accelerated adipogenesis. Our results demonstrate that MYSM1 plays a critical role in MSC maintenance and differentiation. This study also underscores the biological significance of deubiquitinase activity in MSC function. Mysm1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for controlling MSC lineage differentiation, and possibly for the treatment of metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis.

SUBMITTER: Li P

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4768166 | biostudies-other | 2016 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Project description:BackgroundDuring bone fracture repair, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) differentiate into chondrocytes and osteoblasts to form a fracture callus. Our laboratory previously reported that alcohol-exposed rodents with a surgically created tibia fracture display deficient fracture callus formation and diminished signs of endochondral ossification characterized by the absence of chondrocytes and mature hypertrophic chondrocytes, suggesting that alcohol may inhibit MSC differentiation. These findings led to our hypothesis that alcohol exposure inhibits mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenic differentiation within the developing fracture callus.MethodsIn the present study, we utilized a lineage-tracing approach to determine which stage(s) of chondrogenic differentiation are affected by alcohol exposure. We utilized lineage-specific reporter mice to determine the effects of alcohol on MSC and early and late chondrogenic cell frequencies within the fracture callus. In addition, serially sectioned slides were stained immunofluorescently and immunohistochemically and quantified to determine the effect of alcohol on cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively, within the fracture callus of alcohol-administered rodents.ResultsAlcohol-administered rodents had a reduced fracture callus area at 4, 6, and 9 days postfracture. Alcohol had no effect on apoptosis in the fracture callus at any of the examined timepoints. Alcohol-administered rodents had significantly fewer proliferative cells in the fracture callus at 9 days postfracture, but no effect on cell proliferation was observed at earlier fracture callus timepoints. Alcohol-administered rodents had reduced Collagen2a1- and Collagen10a1-expressing cells in the developing fracture callus, suggesting that alcohol inhibits both early chondrogenic differentiation and later chondrocyte maturation during fracture callus development.ConclusionThe data suggest that alcohol could affect normal fracture healing through the mitigation of MSC chondrogenic differentiation at the callus site.

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Deubiquitinase MYSM1 Is Essential for Normal Bone Formation and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.

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