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Marijuana and head and neck cancer: an epidemiological review.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Marijuana is the most widely used illicit substance in Canada. To date, no conclusive study has looked at the epidemiologic basis of marijuana use and head and neck cancer (HNC). Due to the imminent recreational legalization of marijuana in Canada, the epidemiologic relationship between marijuana use and HNC is becoming increasingly important. OBJECTIVE:To examine the epidemiologic characteristics of HNC patients who are recreational marijuana users. METHODS:This study was conducted at a single tertiary care centre from 2011 to 2014. Patients were enrolled consecutively at time of diagnosis of malignancy. Data was prospectively collected and included socioeconomic factors, alcohol/tobacco history, tumor characteristics, and treatment modality. Marijuana use was defined as current usage on an at least weekly basis. RESULTS:Eight hundred seventy-nine patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seventy-four (8.4%) patients were classified as marijuana users. Compared to non-users, marijuana users were less likely to be married (p?=?0.048) and had less significant tobacco smoking history (p?=?0.004). There were no significant differences between other socioeconomic factors or local and regional disease (p?>?0.05). Marijuana users differed in the proportion of cancers stratified by primary site (p?

SUBMITTER: Xie M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6249858 | biostudies-other | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Marijuana and head and neck cancer: an epidemiological review.

Xie Michael M Gupta Michael K MK Archibald Stuart D SD Stanley Jackson B B Young James Edward Massey JEM Zhang Han H

Journal of otolaryngology - head & neck surgery = Le Journal d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale 20181122 1

<h4>Background</h4>Marijuana is the most widely used illicit substance in Canada. To date, no conclusive study has looked at the epidemiologic basis of marijuana use and head and neck cancer (HNC). Due to the imminent recreational legalization of marijuana in Canada, the epidemiologic relationship between marijuana use and HNC is becoming increasingly important.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the epidemiologic characteristics of HNC patients who are recreational marijuana users.<h4>Methods</h4>This ...[more]

PMID: 30466476

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Project description:ObjectivesIn those undergoing treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC), sarcopenia is a strong prognostic factor for outcomes and mortality. This review identified working definitions and methods used to objectively assess sarcopenia in HNC.MethodThe scoping review was performed in accordance with Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage methodology and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.Information sourcesEligible studies were identified using MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases.Study selectionInclusion criteria represented studies of adult HNC patients in which sarcopenia was listed as an outcome, full-text articles written in English, and empirical research studies with a quantitative design.Data extractionEligible studies were assessed using a proprietary data extraction form. General information, article details and characteristics, and details related to the concept of the scoping review were extracted in an iterative process.ResultsSeventy-six studies published internationally from 2016 to 2021 on sarcopenia in HNC were included. The majority were retrospective (n = 56; 74%) and the prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 3.8% to 78.7%. Approximately two-thirds of studies used computed tomography (CT) to assess sarcopenia. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) (n = 53; 70%) was the most prevalent metric used to identify sarcopenia, followed by SMI at the third cervical vertebra (C3) (n = 4; 5%).ConclusionsCurrently, the most effective strategy to assess sarcopenia in HNC depends on several factors, including access to resources, patient and treatment characteristics, and the prognostic significance of outcomes used to represent sarcopenia. Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) measured at C3 may represent a practical, precise, and cost-effective biomarker for the detection of sarcopenia. However, combining SMM measurements at C3 with other sarcopenic parameters-including muscle strength and physical performance-may provide a more accurate risk profile for sarcopenia assessment and allow for a greater understanding of this condition in HNC.

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Marijuana and head and neck cancer: an epidemiological review.

Publications

Marijuana and head and neck cancer: an epidemiological review.

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