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RNA-seq from archival FFPE Breast Cancer samples: Molecular Pathway Fidelity and Novel Discovery

ABSTRACT: Archival Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissue represents an abundant and more easily transferable source of patient tissue than live specimens. Furthermore cancer FFPE tissue deposited at major cancer research institutes is often paired with survival data increasing the value of biomarker and prediction based research from these samples. However the known fragility of RNA and artifacts introduced through the processes of tissue preservation and storage introduce the possibility of unfaithful RNA expression signatures from these sources. To evaluate this we established an RNA isolation, library prepration and data analysis pipeline at Oregon Health and Science University to evaluate the fidelity of RNA expression profiles from FFPE tissues utilizing gene and pathway expression comparisons between ER positive and ER negative samples in archival FFPE specimens compared to those obtained from public available data sets of fresh specimens.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE130397 | GEO | 2019/11/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies are being used for detection of somatic mutations in tumors and studies of germline variation. However, most NGS studies used DNA isolated either from whole blood or fresh frozen tissue specimens. Meanwhile, the tissue specimens available from most National Cancer Institute (NCI) funded cohorts and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries (<a href="http://seer.cancer.gov/biospecimen">http://seer.cancer.gov/biospecimen</a>) are primarily formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE). There are limited data, on a small number of FFPE tissue samples, which suggest NGS is feasible. Much less is known about the feasibility of these technologies for large scale studies or using older FFPE specimens (e.g. 5-30 years old). The SEER cancer registries cover approximately 28% of the United States population, providing high quality demographic, clinical, pathologic, and survival data. The SEER Residual Tissue Repository (RTR) program was established in 2003. The RTR maintains biospecimens obtained from three of SEER' population-based cancer registries: Iowa, Hawaii, and Los Angeles. Investigators at government, academic, and nonprofit institutions may apply to the program to obtain annotated FFPE tumor tissue specimens to study biomarkers, etiology, and other aspects with a population-based sample of cancer cases. The main objective of this project was to conduct a pilot study to determine whether the DNA obtained from archival FFPE tissue from 3 SEER Registries is of sufficient quality and quantity to conduct NGS. For Exome sequencing, sixty high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinomas from FFPE tissues which were between 7 and 31 years old were obtained from three SEER registries. DNA was extracted, quantified, quality assessed, and subjected to whole exome sequencing. DNA extraction (yields and quality) and whole exome sequencing (depths of coverage and exome coverage obtained) results from this study will be presented. For RNA-sequencing, sixty-seven high-grade serous ovarian adenocarcinomas from FFPE tissues which were between 7 and 31 years old were obtained from three SEER registries. Total RNA was extracted, quantified, quality assessed, and subjected to whole transcriptome sequencing. Ultimately data derived from this analysis could serve as the basis for determining the utility of archival FFPE biospecimens for characterization and discovery projects utilizing NGS technologies instead of relying on frozen biospecimens.

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RNA-seq from archival FFPE Breast Cancer samples: Molecular Pathway Fidelity and Novel Discovery

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