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Project description:Modulation of inflammation and parasite infection by cinnamaldehyde
| PRJNA694182 | ENA
Project description:Cinnamaldehyde is a natural antimicrobial and has been found to be effective against many foodborne pathogens including Escherichia coli O157:H7. Although its antimicrobial effects have been well investigated, limited information is available on its effects at the molecular level. Sublethal treatment at 200 mg/l cinnamaldehyde inhibited growth of E. coli O157:H7 at 37oC and for M-bM-^IM-$ 2 h caused cell elongation, but from 2 to 4 h growth resumed and cells reverted to normal length. To understand this transient behaviour, genome-wide transcriptional analysis of E. coli O157:H7 was performed at 2 and 4 h exposure to cinnamaldehyde. Drastically different gene expression profiles were obtained at 2 and 4 h. At 2 h exposure, cinnamaldehyde induced overexpression of many oxidative stress-related genes, reduced DNA replication, and synthesis of protein, O-antigen and fimbriae. At 4 h, many cinnamaldehyde-induced repressive effects on E. coli O157:H7 gene expressions were reversed and oxidatve stress genes were nolonger differentially expressed. Duplicate E. coli O157:H7 cultures with or without 200 mg/l cinnamaldehyde were incubated at 37M-BM-0C for M-bM-^IM-$ 4 h. Cinnamaldehyde-induced changes in gene expression profiles were compared at 2 and 4 h using Affymetrix Ginechip 2.0 microarrays.
2012-09-08 | E-GEOD-40693 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cinnamaldehyde is a natural antimicrobial and has been found to be effective against many foodborne pathogens including Escherichia coli O157:H7. Although its antimicrobial effects have been well investigated, limited information is available on its effects at the molecular level. Sublethal treatment at 200 mg/l cinnamaldehyde inhibited growth of E. coli O157:H7 at 37oC and for ≤ 2 h caused cell elongation, but from 2 to 4 h growth resumed and cells reverted to normal length. To understand this transient behaviour, genome-wide transcriptional analysis of E. coli O157:H7 was performed at 2 and 4 h exposure to cinnamaldehyde. Drastically different gene expression profiles were obtained at 2 and 4 h. At 2 h exposure, cinnamaldehyde induced overexpression of many oxidative stress-related genes, reduced DNA replication, and synthesis of protein, O-antigen and fimbriae. At 4 h, many cinnamaldehyde-induced repressive effects on E. coli O157:H7 gene expressions were reversed and oxidatve stress genes were nolonger differentially expressed.
2012-09-08 | GSE40693 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptional profiles of mid-exponentially growing Salmonella enterica sv Enteritidis PT8 cultures in response to exposure to trans-cinnamaldehyde (0.01%; 0.75mM) or eugenol (0.04%; 2.46mM)
2017-11-09 | GSE102477 | GEO
Project description:Antimicrobial resistance pose a global thread nowadays. Compounds of natural origin are an important source of drugs used in clinical practice. However, it is important to understand both their principles of efficacy and their molecular mechanism of action. In this study we evaluated antimicrobial potential of t-cinnamaldehyde which is an organic compound found in many plant species, especially in the Cinnamomum genus, such as Cinnamomum zeylanicum and cassia. Cinnamon oil extracted from the bark of these plants contains up to 80% trans-cinnamaldehyde. Although CNMA has shown antimicrobial properties against numerous Gram+ and Gram- species, its mode of action against pathogens remains not fuly elucidated. Therefore, this project aims to determine CNMA activity at the level of gene expression. Total RNA was isolated and checked for quality using the Bioanalyzer 2100. The sequencing run was conducted on the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform. 30 million pair-end reads per samples were assessed with 101 pb read length. Reference E. coli MG1655 genome sequence and annotations were downloaded from GenBank. Differentially expressed analysis of 0.25 x MIC CNMA was performed against untreated control in indicated time with p ≤ 0.001 and log2FC ≥ 1.5. We have discovered many changes bacterial transcriptome. For instance: following the treatment with 0.25×MIC of CNMA, we found 292 and 140 upregulated and 107 and 96 downregulated genes at time points 30 and 60 min, respectively. Among the most enriched genes, were those related to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, flagellum synthesis, amino acid transport, and oxidoreductase activity. According to these findings we can conclude that observed transcriprional pattern indicates severe metabolic downshift in treated cells, and consequently activation of stress processes. These was in line with our secondary experiments which revealed drop in growth kinnetic, cytoplasm shrinkage, NAD/NADH level alteration and elevation of stringent response alarmones ((p)ppGpp). Taken together, this suggests that CNMA-treated E. coli bacteria undergo major metabolic changes that finally result in cell death.
2025-01-03 | GSE252441 | GEO
Project description:Through RNA sequencing, we report here that Carvacrol (CAR) affected the expression of 153 genes which included the down-regulation of energy generation-related proteins, pentose phosphate pathway, and up-regulation of ribosomes and translation-related proteins. Few differentially expressed genes were found when M. bovis were treated with Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), Eugenol (EU), or Carvacrol (CAR) when the three PDAs were double or triple combined. Our results suggest that, as opposed to the effect of CAR, the growth inhibitory effects of TC and EU at levels tested may be exerted through mechanisms other than gene expression regulations.
2022-06-09 | GSE198086 | GEO
Project description:Antimicrobial action of t-cinnamaldehyde on Escherichia coli MG1655
| PRJNA1060668 | ENA
Project description:One day-old broilers (Ross/Ross, Longenecker's Hatchery, Elizabethtown, PA) were housed in Petersime starter brooder units and randomly assigned to 4 groups (5 birds/group). Carvacrol (Nature Chemicals, Hamburg, Germany) and cinnamaldehyde (Alys Technologies SA, Bussigny-près-Lausanne, Switzerland) were obtained from the compound obtained from synthesis. Crushed C. annuum fruits (Pushp Brand Spices, Munimji Foods and Spices Pvt. Ltd. Indore, India) were extracted with volatile solvents using the percolation method to obtain oleoresin. Chickens were fed for 7 days beginning from hatch with a standard diet alone (control) or with diets supplemented with carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, or Capsicum oleoresin.<br> Following euthanization of the birds, intestines were cut longitudinally and washed three times with ice-cold Hanks? balanced salt solution (HBSS) containing 100 U/ml of penicillin and 100 mg/ml of streptomycin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). The mucosal layer of entire intestine was carefully scraped using a surgical scalpel and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were isolated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation as previously described (Min et al. 2005). Total RNA was isolated from 5.0 x 107 cells using Trizol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and purified using the RNeasy Mini RNA Purification Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Aminoallyl-labeled RNA from IELs was prepared using the Amino Allyl Message Amp II aRNA Amplification Kit (Ambion, Austin, TX). Two of 20 ?g aliquots of each aminoallyl-RNA sample were fluorescently labeled with AlexaFluor 555 or AlexaFluor 647 (Invitrogen) and labeled RNAs were column-purified using the RNA Amplification Kit (Ambion). RNA concentrations and labeling efficiencies were determined spectrophotometrically.<br> Hybridizations were performed using HybIt hybridization buffer (TeleChem, Sunnyvale, CA) in ArrayIt reaction cassettes at 50°C overnight as described (Kim et al., 2008). After hybridization, the slides were rinsed in 0.5 X SSC, 0.01% SDS at room temperature and washed once for 15 min in 0.2 X SSC, 0.2% SDS at 50°C, 3 times for 1 min in 0.2 X SSC at room temperature, and 3 times for 1 min in distilled water at room temperature. Each sample had a repeated hybridization using the alternate fluorescent dye between the treatment and control.
2009-06-02 | E-MEXP-2204 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up inside arteries. Cinnamaldehyde (Ci) has many biological properties that include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Thus, this study was designed to explore the protective effect of Ci against atherosclerosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. Atherosclerosis was induced by an oral administration of an HFD for 10 weeks. Atherosclerosis-induced rats were supplemented with Ci at a dose of 20 mg/kg bw dissolved in 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), daily by oral gavage for the same period. Rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each fed with (a) ND, (b) HFD, and (c) HFD+Ci, daily for 10 weeks. Treatment of rats with Ci significantly reduced the elevated levels of serum total cholesterol (T.Ch), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-Ch), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-Ch), and free fatty acids (FFAs) and significantly increased the lowered levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-Ch) level. Ci ameliorated the increased cardiovascular risk indices 1 and 2 and the decreased antiatherogenic index. Moreover, Ci reduced the elevated serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Ci also improved the heart antioxidant activities by decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activities. Furthermore, the supplementation with Ci downregulated the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Thus, Ci successfully elicited a therapeutic impact against atherosclerosis induced by HFD via its hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions.
| S-EPMC9239836 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Transcriptomic Responses of Mycoplasma bovis upon Treatments of trans-Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and Eugenol
| PRJNA813586 | ENA