Sugar activates defense signaling in Arabidopsis
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE169473 | GEO | 2024/01/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Xylella fastidiosa is a plant pathogenic bacterium that has been introduced in the European Union (EU), threatening the agricultural economy of relevant Mediterranean crops such as almond (Prunus dulcis). Plant defense elicitor peptides would be promising to manage diseases such as almond leaf scorch but their effect on the host has not been fully studied. In this work, the response of almond plants to the defense elicitor peptide flg22-NH2 was studied in-depth using RNA-seq, confirming the activation of the salicylic acid and abscisic acid pathways. Marker genes related to the response triggered by flg22-NH2 were used to study the effect of the application strategy of the peptide on almond plants and to depict its time course. The application of flg22-NH2 by endotherapy triggered the highest number of upregulated genes, especially at 6 hours after the treatment. A library of peptides that include BP100-flg15, HpaG23, FV7, RIJK2, PIP-1, Pep13, BP16-Pep13, flg15-BP100 and BP16 triggered a stronger defense response in almond plants than flg22-NH2. The best candidate, FV7, when applied by endotherapy on almond plants inoculated with X. fastidiosa, significantly reduced levels of the pathogen and decreased disease symptoms. Therefore, these novel plant defense elicitors are suitable candidates to manage diseases caused by X. fastidiosa, in particular almond leaf scorch.
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2016-04-28 | GSE80748 | GEO
Project description:bra-inra09-01_bioen - bzip9 - Diversification of the Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Control of the Energetic Balance in Angiosperms - To elucidate the role of selected bZIP transcription factors (AtbZIP3, AtbZIP9, AtbZIP63; the expression of these genes is repressed by glucose and are poorly characterized) involved in glucose-triggered transcriptional cascade, the target genes of these bZIP TF will be identified. The glucose-mediated regulations of these bZIP genes will be investigated by identifying the cis-regulatory sequences and the upstream regulatory factors. The functional conservation of the corresponding bZIP orthologues in sugar cane and rice will be evaluated. 12 dye-swap - genotype comparison
2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-26041 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:bra-inra09-01_bioen - bzip9 - Diversification of the Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Control of the Energetic Balance in Angiosperms - To elucidate the role of selected bZIP transcription factors (AtbZIP3, AtbZIP9, AtbZIP63; the expression of these genes is repressed by glucose and are poorly characterized) involved in glucose-triggered transcriptional cascade, the target genes of these bZIP TF will be identified. The glucose-mediated regulations of these bZIP genes will be investigated by identifying the cis-regulatory sequences and the upstream regulatory factors. The functional conservation of the corresponding bZIP orthologues in sugar cane and rice will be evaluated.
2012-01-01 | GSE26041 | GEO
Project description:The transport of carbohydrates by Streptococcus mutans is accomplished by the phosphoenolpyruvate-phosphotrasferase system (PTS) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. To undertake a global transcriptional analysis of all S. mutans sugar transporters simultaneously, we used a whole-genome expression microarray. Global transcription profiles of S. mutans UA159 were determined for several carbohydrates. The results revealed that PTSs were responsible for transport of monosaccharides, disaccharides and sugar alcohols. Six PTSs were transcribed only if a specific sugar was present in the growth medium, thus they were regulated at the transcriptional level. These included transporters for fructose, lactose, cellobiose, trehalose, and two transporters for mannitol. Three PTSs were repressed under all conditions tested. Interestingly, five PTSs were always highly expressed regardless of the sugar source used, presumably suggesting their availability for immediate uptake of most common dietary sugars (glucose, fructose, maltose and sucrose). The ABC transporters were found to be specific for polysaccharides, raffinose, stachyose and isomaltosaccharides. Compared to the PTS, the ABC transporters showed higher transcription under several tested conditions, suggesting that they might be transporting multiple substrates. Keywords: carbohydrate response
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Project description:Sugars modulate expression of hundreds of genes in plants. Previous studies on sugar signaling, using intact plants or plant tissues, were hampered by tissue heterogeneity, uneven sugar transport and/or inter-conversions of the applied sugars. This, in turn, could obscure the identity of a specific sugar that acts as a signal affecting expression of given gene in a given tissue or cell-type. To bypass those biases, we have developed a novel biological system, based on stem-cell-like Arabidopsis suspension culture. The cells were grown in a hormone-free medium and were sustained on xylose as the only carbon source. The functional genomics approach was used to identify sugar responsive genes, which rapidly (within 1 h) respond specifically to low concentration (1 mM) of glucose, fructose and/or sucrose.
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Project description:Background: Sugar beet is an important root crop, accounting for 30 % of the sugar production worldwide. The long growing season make sugar beets exposed to a range of plant pathogens for longer periods than most other crops. Here, contrasting sugar beet genotypes were used for transcriptome analysis to reveal differential responses and new defense genes to Rhizoctonia solani, a soilborn fungal pathogen. Results: After curation of primary RNA-sequencing reads, 16,768 genes deriving from 36 samples composed of two susceptible and two resistant sugar beet genotypes, three time-points (0, two and five days post inoculation), each in three replicates were subjected for analysis. Among the elevated 217 transcripts at 2 dpi, three resistance-like genes (Bv4_088600_cumk, Bv8u_204980_frqg, and Bv_44840_iifo) were activated. By employing edgeR package statistics, 660 genes were significantly different (false discovery rate < 0.05) between resistant and susceptible genotypes in their response to R. solani inoculation. A combination of eukaryotic orthologous group assignments and gene ontology enrichment analyses, revealed three Bet v I/Major latex protein homologous genes (Bv7_162510_pymu, Bv7_162520_etow, Bv_27270_xeas) in the resistant genotypes after five days of fungal challenge. Co-expression network analysis of differentially expressed sugar beet genes further identified a MYB46 transcription factor, a plant disease resistance response protein (DRR206) and a flavonoid o-methyltransferase protein. MYB46 has a key function in secondary cell wall formation and exist as a singleton in the sugar beet genome. The genome of R. solani is enriched in cell wall degrading enzyme encoding genes and it is anticipated that they represent important virulence factors. Compared to Arabidopsis thaliana, sugar beet has 2.4-fold more carbohydrate esterases and particularly large numbers (26-fold) of auxiliary activity encoding genes whose function in cell wall biosynthesis is largely unknown. Conclusions: Based on components identified in this sugar beet transcript data set we conclude that defense responses to R. solani are attributed to a wide range of gene categories but functional information is missing to a large extent. This calls for careful integration to avoid negative side effects to obtain optimal combinations of these traits in order to reach the long-term goal of improved resistance in sugar beet.
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Project description:The lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus cremoris is suggested to repress genes involved in sugar metabolism in a hierarchical way, correlating with the growth rate. For cultures grown on glucose, lactose, galactose and maltose, we unraveled the sugar catabolizing hierarchy by combining the proteome composition and the capacity to catabolize a set of 12 sugars.
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Project description:Carbon catabolite repression (CCR) occurs in the presence of sufficient concentrations of easy metabolizable carbon sources (e.g. glucose), down-regulating the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in the breakdown of complex carbon sources. The extent of CCR at a global level is unknown in wood-rotting fungi – and was investigated in Dichomitus squalens with transcriptomics and exo-proteomics. Approximately 10% of expressed genes had lower expression in presence of glucose compared to Avicel or xylan alone. The glucose repressed genes included key components for utilization of plant biomass – CAZymes, sugar transporters and carbon catabolic genes. The majority of polysaccharide degrading CAZymes were repressed and included activities towards all major polymers. The repression found in the transcriptome was strongly supported by exo-proteomics – there was repression of almost all of the CAZymes whose transcripts were repressed on Avicel. The clear CCR-mediated effects indicate biotech production of CAZymes by D. squalens would benefit from de-repressed or constitutively expressing strains. The extent of CCR is surprising given that D. squalens rarely experiences high sugar concentrations in its woody environment.
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