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ATAC-Seq experiment of major tissues from wild-type mice under fasting and fed treatments

ABSTRACT: Male C57BL/6 mice, sourced from the Jackson Laboratory, were acquired at 12 weeks of age. The mice were housed in groups of three per cage, with unrestricted access to water and a standard chow diet. For the experimental treatments involving fasting and fed states (n = 3 per group), the mice were either provided continuous access to food or subjected to a 24-hour fasting period before euthanasia at 10 am for tissue collection. The tissues harvested included muscle, liver, heart, lungs, both white and brown adipose tissues, spleen, and kidney. These tissues were immediately preserved in liquid nitrogen post-sacrifice to maintain their integrity for subsequent analyses.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE267279 | GEO | 2025/02/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The effects of fasting have been studied extensively, predominantly on isolated processes, within a specific organ. No comprehensive study of the adaptations was available for different organs, let alone interrelating them, which left the understanding of the body’s orchestration of fasting response limited. The gene expression profiles of brain, small intestine, kidney, liver and skeletal muscle were therefore studied in mice subjected to short, moderate and prolonged fasting. Functional category enrichment, network, and text-mining analyses were employed to scrutinize the overall adaptive response, aiming to identify responsive pathways, processes and networks, and their regulation. The implicated processes did not follow the accepted carbohydrate-lipid-protein succession of energy substrates expenditure. Instead, they were activated simultaneously in different organs during the whole duration of fasting. The most prominent changes occurred in lipid and steroid metabolism, especially in the liver and kidney, which showed biochemically similar, orchestrated responses. They were accompanied by suppression of the immune response and cell turnover, particularly in the small intestine, tied in with increased proteolysis in the muscle. Enhanced defence against oxidative damage, obvious in all the organs, was the top reaction of the brain, otherwise shown to be extremely well protected from starvation. The major transcription regulators of fasting response in different organs were FoxO transcription factors, AP-1, p53, cMyc, Sp1, EGF and HNF4α. The revealed interorgan interactions between metabolic, inflammatory and cell turnover responses are essential when designing strategies to treat the starvation affected individuals, while stressing the significance of using complimentary bioinformatics tools in the high-throughput data analysis. 6 week-old male FVB mice were fasted for 0, 12, 24, 48 or 72 hours before sacrifice (N = 5 per group). From each mouse total RNA was isolated from five organs - liver, small intestine, kidney, brain, and calf muscle. Five microarrays per experimental condition (five tissues, five timepoints) were performed. We used a common reference design. The single common-reference sample was a pool of equal amounts of RNA from all the samples investigated, including additional samples from 5 mice that were fasted for 48 hours and supplemented with vitamin B complex after 24 and 36 hours of fasting.

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ATAC-Seq experiment of major tissues from wild-type mice under fasting and fed treatments

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