Interpreting Ovarian Dynamics: Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Insights into Porcine Gonadal Development and Gestation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa
PROVIDER: GSE271331 | GEO | 2024/12/27
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The objective of modern pig breeding is to exhaust the genetic potential in reproduction performance of sows regarding to litter size and litter weight of piglets. During gestation period, umbilical cord contributes to placenta-fetal communication and plays an indispensable role in the intrauterine embryonic development. In this study, we attempted to analyze the molecular mechanism of reproductive declined in high-parity sows from the perspective of umbilical cord blood. Firstly, we analyzed the reproductive character data of sows, and then the histological analysis of umbilical cord phenotype was performed. Next, we evaluated the effect of umbilical cord blood exosomes (UCB-EXO) on angiogenesis. Moreover, the expression characteristics of miRNA in UCB-EXO of high-parity sows with poor reproductive performance (OS) and multiparous sows with excellent reproductive performance (MS) were analyzed. Results showed that the reproductive performance performed best at 3rd-7th and gradually decreased after 8th parities. Angiogenesis was repressed in OS piglets. Moreover, the Exo-MS exhibited pro-angiogenesis properties, with those of Exo-OS were diminished. With the increase of parities, the angiogenesis and immune function of sows decreased significantly, greatly limited the reproductive potential of sows. The data demonstrated that miRNAs of UCB-EXO played a central role in intrauterine development and suggested a novel possible explanation for reproductive potential, provides reference for increasing female reproductive efficiency.
2022-09-28 | GSE209805 | GEO
Project description:<p>The ovaries and uterus are crucial reproductive organs in mammals, and their coordinated development ensures the normal development of sexual maturity and reproductive capacity. This study aimed to comprehensively capture the different physiological stages of the goat's sexual maturation by selecting four specific time points. We collected samples of ovarian and uterine tissues from five female Jining Gray goats at each time point: after birth (D1), 2-month-old (M2), 4-month-old (M4) and 6-month-old (M6). By combining transcriptomic sequencing of 40 samples (including rRNA-depleted RNA-seq libraries with 3607.8 million reads and miRNA-seq libraries with 444.0 million reads) and metabolomics analysis, we investigated the transcriptomic mechanisms involved in reproductive regulation in the ovary and uterus during sexual maturation, as well as the changes in metabolites and their functional potential. Additionally, we analyzed blood hormone indices and uterine tissue sections to examine temporal changes. These datasets will provide a valuable reference for the reproductive regulation of the ovary and uterus, as well as the regulation of metabolites during sexual maturation in goats.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>Uterine data</strong> is reported in the current study <a href='https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS9795' rel='noopener noreferrer' target='_blank'><strong>MTBLS9795</strong></a>.</p><p><strong>Ovarian data</strong> is reported in <a href='https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS9794' rel='noopener noreferrer' target='_blank'><strong>MTBLS9794</strong></a>.</p>
2024-05-30 | MTBLS9795 | MetaboLights
Project description:<p>The ovaries and uterus are crucial reproductive organs in mammals, and their coordinated development ensures the normal development of sexual maturity and reproductive capacity. This study aimed to comprehensively capture the different physiological stages of the goat's sexual maturation by selecting four specific time points. We collected samples of ovarian and uterine tissues from five female Jining Gray goats at each time point: after birth (D1), 2-month-old (M2), 4-month-old (M4) and 6-month-old (M6). By combining transcriptomic sequencing of 40 samples (including rRNA-depleted RNA-seq libraries with 3607.8 million reads and miRNA-seq libraries with 444.0 million reads) and metabolomics analysis, we investigated the transcriptomic mechanisms involved in reproductive regulation in the ovary and uterus during sexual maturation, as well as the changes in metabolites and their functional potential. Additionally, we analyzed blood hormone indices and uterine tissue sections to examine temporal changes. These datasets will provide a valuable reference for the reproductive regulation of the ovary and uterus, as well as the regulation of metabolites during sexual maturation in goats.</p><p><br></p><p><strong>Ovarian data</strong> is reported in the current study <a href='https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS9794' rel='noopener noreferrer' target='_blank'><strong>MTBLS9794</strong></a>.</p><p><strong>Uterine data</strong> is reported in <a href='https://www.ebi.ac.uk/metabolights/MTBLS9795' rel='noopener noreferrer' target='_blank'><strong>MTBLS9795</strong></a>.</p>
2024-05-30 | MTBLS9794 | MetaboLights
Project description:Prolificacy related traits are of great economical interest in the pig industry. microRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression important for reproductive processes. In pigs, the roles of ovarian miRNAs during gestation remain unknown although the ovaries are essential during gestation. It has been hypothesised that ovarian miRNAs could participate during the porcine gestation and, moreover, they could influence the prolificacy levels of sows. The miRNA expression profile was compared in the ovaries of pregnant Iberian x Meishan F2 sows displaying extreme phenotypes regarding prolificacy levels defined as the number of embryos (NE) attached to the uterus at 30-32 days of gestation. miR-146a-5p and miR-142-3p were differentially expressed between high (NEM-bM-^IM-%13) and low (NEM-bM-^IM-$11) prolificacy sows. In silico functional analyses of the predicted mRNA targets for these miRNAs revealed that miR-146a-5p targets were mainly involved in the immune system response important for the establishment of the maternal-foetal tolerance, implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. On the other hand, miR-142-3p targets participated in different biological processes that would contribute to the homeostasis maintenance to ensure a correct functional development of the ovaries. miRNAs associated with prolificacy levels could regulate negatively, by a novel post-transcriptional mechanism, their predicted mRNA targets, PPM1K, TLR1 and CPEB2 which have been reported as differentially expressed in the ovaries of pregnant sows regarding the prolificacy levels. Furthermore, among predicted mRNA targets for miRNAs associated with prolificacy, four genes, differentially expressed in the ovaries of pregnant sows regarding prolificacy levels, (LRRK1, BAT1, CPEB2, CCL8) are proposed to be good candidate genes for litter size due to their location within confidence intervals for prolificacy QTL described previously. Overall, it is suggested that the up-regulation of miR-146a-5p and miR-142-3p in the ovaries of pregnant sows could help in the establishment of a uterine environment, which would favor the embryonic development. Total RNA was isolated from uterus of Iberian x Meishan F2 pregnant sows divided into two groups: High prolificacy sows (n=3) and Low prolificacy sows (n=3). RNA was labeled with the Cy3-like Hy3M-bM-^DM-" dye, mixed with a pool of RNA from the six samples labeled with the Cy5-like Hy5M-bM-^DM-" dye, and hybridized to two-color miRCURYM-bM-^DM-" arrays from ExiqonM-BM-..
2012-12-01 | E-GEOD-41068 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Prolificacy related traits are of great economical interest in the pig industry. microRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression important for reproductive processes. In pigs, the roles of ovarian miRNAs during gestation remain unknown although the ovaries are essential during gestation. It has been hypothesised that ovarian miRNAs could participate during the porcine gestation and, moreover, they could influence the prolificacy levels of sows. The miRNA expression profile was compared in the ovaries of pregnant Iberian x Meishan F2 sows displaying extreme phenotypes regarding prolificacy levels defined as the number of embryos (NE) attached to the uterus at 30-32 days of gestation. miR-146a-5p and miR-142-3p were differentially expressed between high (NE≥13) and low (NE≤11) prolificacy sows. In silico functional analyses of the predicted mRNA targets for these miRNAs revealed that miR-146a-5p targets were mainly involved in the immune system response important for the establishment of the maternal-foetal tolerance, implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. On the other hand, miR-142-3p targets participated in different biological processes that would contribute to the homeostasis maintenance to ensure a correct functional development of the ovaries. miRNAs associated with prolificacy levels could regulate negatively, by a novel post-transcriptional mechanism, their predicted mRNA targets, PPM1K, TLR1 and CPEB2 which have been reported as differentially expressed in the ovaries of pregnant sows regarding the prolificacy levels. Furthermore, among predicted mRNA targets for miRNAs associated with prolificacy, four genes, differentially expressed in the ovaries of pregnant sows regarding prolificacy levels, (LRRK1, BAT1, CPEB2, CCL8) are proposed to be good candidate genes for litter size due to their location within confidence intervals for prolificacy QTL described previously. Overall, it is suggested that the up-regulation of miR-146a-5p and miR-142-3p in the ovaries of pregnant sows could help in the establishment of a uterine environment, which would favor the embryonic development.
2012-12-01 | GSE41068 | GEO
Project description:The reproductive physiology of yaks differs significantly from that of other cattle breeds due to late sexual maturity, low fecundity and short oestrus time. How to improve the reproductive efficiency of yaks has become the main research content and goal of yak reproduction technology. In this study, we collected blood samples from adult female yaks (4-8 years old) during different reproductive periods, including the period of anestrus (Y-A), estrus (Y-E) and pregnancy (Y-P), and investigated the changes of RNA expression and steroid hormone levels in yaks during different reproductive periods by using RNA-seq and target metabolomics, and screened for the genes and regulatory pathways that were differentially expressed. and related regulatory pathways. DEGs such as PDK4, ALAS2, GLP1R, SLC25A39, PGAP6, FOS, CD36, MMP9 and BCL-6 were identified to play key roles in ovarian function, follicular development, hormone homeostasis and energy metabolism. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were involved in ovarian angiogenesis, hormone synthesis and follicular development. It was found that SLC25A39 may affect glucocorticoid homeostasis and physiological readiness by regulating energy metabolism during anestrus, MARCHF2 and DHEA may be closely related to reproductive hormone fluctuation and system activation during estrus, glucocorticoid down-regulation in pregnancy and maintenance of hormone homeostasis and regulation of immune tolerance by DHEA. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for improving the reproductive performance of yaks and further analysing the reproductive characteristics of yaks.
2024-11-30 | GSE282450 | GEO
Project description:Successful placentation requires delicate communication between endometrium and trophoblasts. The invasion and integration of trophoblasts into the endometrium during early pregnancy is crucial to placentation. Dysregulation of these functions is associated with various pregnancy complications such as miscarriage and preeclampsia. The endometrial microenvironment exerts an important influence on trophoblast cell functions. We hypothesized that the hormonal environment regulates the miRNA profile and secretome of the human endometrial gland, which subsequently modulates trophoblast functions during early pregnancy. By establishing the first secretome profiles and miRNA atlas of these endometrial organoids to the hormonal changes followed by trophoblast functional assays, we demonstrated that sex steroid hormones modulate aquaporins (AQP)1/9 and S100A9 secretions through miR-3194 activation in endometrial epithelial cells, which in turn enhanced trophoblast migration and invasion during early pregnancy.
2023-05-10 | PXD036535 | Pride
Project description:Antral follicle size might be a valuable additive predictive marker for IVF outcome. However, while some studies show positive relations between follicle size and reproductive outcome, others have not been successful in establishing this relation. To better understand consequences of antral follicle size for reproductive outcome, we aimed to obtain insight in follicle size-related granulosa cell processes, as granulosa cells play an essential role in follicular development via the production of growth factors, steroids and metabolic intermediates, needed for follicular growth and oocyte development. Using pigs as a model, we compared gene and protein expression in granulosa cells of smaller and larger follicles in the healthy antral follicle pool at the start of the follicular phase of the estrous cycle. In sows, the early antral follicle pool is very heterogeneous when e.g. size and steroid content of the follicular fluid are considered. To which extent this variety contributes to the developmental competence of the follicles is not clear. Therefore, sows with high variation in antral follicle size (HighVAR) as well as sows with low variation in antral follicle size (LowVAR) were used. Granulosa cells of smaller antral follicles in the healthy antral follicle pool show increased cell proliferation, which was accompanied by a metabolic shift towards aerobic glycolysis (i.e. the Warburg effect), similar to other highly proliferating cells. High granulosa cell proliferation rates in smaller follicles might be regulated via increased granulosa cell expression of AR and EGFR which are activated in response to locally produced mitogens. While granulosa cells of smaller follicles in the pool were more proliferative, indicative of higher follicular growth, granulosa cells of larger follicles in the pool showed less proliferation and were more differentiated, as they showed a higher expression of follicular maturation marker IGF1 and ANGPT1. Our results imply that the inclusion of strict criteria of antral follicle size in IVF protocols might improve reproductive outcome. In addition, we have granulosa cell gene expression of healthy follicles to unravel underlying mechanisms of differences in COC morphology. We compared gene expression in sows with low vs. high-COC-health and found a decreased expression of genes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis (e.g. CYP19A1, ADM, SPP1) and higher expression of genes involved in follicular atresia (e.g. GADD45A, INHBB) in sows with low-COC-health. Thereby we have identified several genes which may serve as markers for follicle developmental competence.
2019-08-15 | GSE125189 | GEO
Project description:The seminal plasma (SP) is the liquid component of semen that facilitates sperm transport through the female genital tract. SP modulates the activity of the ovary, oviductal environment and uterine function during the periovulatory and early pregnancy period. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted in the oviduct (oEVs) and uterus (uEVs) have been shown to influence the expression of endometrial genes that regulate fertilization and early embryo development. In some species, semen is composed of well-separated fractions that vary in concentration of spermatozoa and SP composition and volume. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different accumulative fractions of the porcine ejaculate (F1, composed of the sperm-rich fraction (SRF); F2, composed of F1 plus the intermediate fraction; F3, composed of F2 plus the post-SRF) on oEVs and uEVs protein cargo. Six days after the onset of estrus, we determined the oEVs and uEVs size and protein concentration in pregnant sows by artificial insemination (AI-sows) and in non-inseminated sows as control (C-sows). We also identified the main proteins in oEVs and uEVs, in AI-F1, AI-F2, AI-F3, and C-sows. Our results indicated that although the size of EVs is similar between AI- and C-sows, the protein concentration of both oEVs and uEVs was significantly lower in AI-sows (p < 0.05). Proteomic analysis identified 38 unique proteins in oEVs from AI-sows, mainly involved in protein stabilization, glycolytic and carbohydrate processes. The uEVs from AI-sows showed the presence of 43 unique proteins, including already-known fertility-related proteins (EZR, HSPAA901, PDS). We also demonstrated that the protein composition of oEVs and uEVs differed depending on the seminal fraction(s) inseminated (F1, F2, or F3). In conclusion, we have found a specific protein cargo in uterine and oviductal EVs depending on the type of semen fraction the sow was inseminated with, and these insemination with different seminal fractions results in the oviductal and uterine secretion of specific EVs proteins are closely associated with reproductive processes.
2024-01-26 | PXD044639 | Pride
Project description:This study examined the expression of pig-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) at gestation day 20 (gd20) of pregnancy in Yorkshire sows. Tissue differences in miRNA expression, and miRNA differences between healthy and arresting embryo attachment sites (i.e., healthy endometrium vs. arresting endometrium; healthy trophoblast vs. arresting trophoblast), were of prime interest. For more information, please refer to the primary research paper.
2013-08-01 | GSE45761 | GEO