Large conserved domains of low DNA methylation maintained by 5-hydroxymethycytosine and Dnmt3a
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE49191 | GEO | 2013/11/16
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA214810
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent features of mammalian cell types. To gain insight into the mechanisms that promote shifts in DNA methylation and contribute to changes in cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in purified mouse hematopoietic stem cells. We discovered extended regions of low methylation (canyons) that span conserved domains frequently containing transcription factors and are distinct from CpG islands and shores. About half of the genes in these methylation canyons are coated with repressive histone marks, whereas the remainder are covered by activating histone marks and are highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Canyon borders are demarked by 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and become eroded in the absence of DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a). Genes dysregulated in human leukemias are enriched for canyon-associated genes. The new epigenetic landscape we describe may provide a mechanism for the regulation of hematopoiesis and may contribute to leukemia development.
| S-EPMC3920905 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent genomic features of all mammalian cell types. To gain insight into mechanisms that could promote shifts in DNA methylation patterns and thus contribute to cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5-methylcytosine in purified wild type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We generated 1,121 million (control HSCs), and 1,213 million (Dnmt3a knockout HSCs) raw reads; about 81.4% and 88.7%, respectively, were successfully aligned to either strand of the reference genome (mm9), obtainig an average CG coverage of 39.5-fold (wild type) and 47.0-fold (Dnmt3a kockout).
2013-11-17 | GSE49714 | GEO
Project description:Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent genomic features of all mammalian cell types. To gain insight into mechanisms that could promote shifts in DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmc) patterns and thus contribute to cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5hmc in purified wild type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using cytosine-5-methylenesulphonate sequencing (CMS-seq). Comparing anti-CMS pulldown to input control, we identified 107,549 and 175,682 peaks of 5hmc enrichment in control and Dnmt3a knockout HSCs, respectively.
2014-01-22 | GSE53742 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2013-11-16 | E-GEOD-49191 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To investigate the global transcriptome expression in Wild Type mouse hematopoietic stem cells, we performed high-throughput sequencing of Poly A+ RNA (RNA-Seq) from purified HSCs (SP-KSL-CD150+). With biological duplicates, more than 200 million reads in total were obtained. Mouse hematopoietic stem cell mRNA profiles of wild type mice were generated by deep sequencing, in duplicate, using Illumina Hiseq 2000.
2013-11-16 | E-GEOD-49715 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent genomic features of all mammalian cell types. To gain insight into mechanisms that could promote shifts in DNA methylation patterns and thus contribute to cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5-methylcytosine in purified wild type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We generated 1,121 million (control HSCs), and 1,213 million (Dnmt3a knockout HSCs) raw reads; about 81.4% and 88.7%, respectively, were successfully aligned to either strand of the reference genome (mm9), obtainig an average CG coverage of 39.5-fold (wild type) and 47.0-fold (Dnmt3a kockout). Whole genome bisulfite sequencing of secondarily-transplanted wild-type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells using Illumina HiSeq 2000
2013-11-17 | E-GEOD-49714 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:To investigate the global transcriptome expression in Wild Type mouse hematopoietic stem cells, we performed high-throughput sequencing of Poly A+ RNA (RNA-Seq) from purified HSCs (SP-KSL-CD150+). With biological duplicates, more than 200 million reads in total were obtained.
2013-11-16 | GSE49715 | GEO
Project description:Gains and losses in DNA methylation are prominent genomic features of all mammalian cell types. To gain insight into mechanisms that could promote shifts in DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmc) patterns and thus contribute to cell fate, including malignant transformation, we performed genome-wide mapping of 5hmc in purified wild type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using cytosine-5-methylenesulphonate sequencing (CMS-seq). Comparing anti-CMS pulldown to input control, we identified 107,549 and 175,682 peaks of 5hmc enrichment in control and Dnmt3a knockout HSCs, respectively. Whole genome CMS-enriched bisulfite sequencing of secondarily-transplanted wild-type and Dnmt3a conditional knockout hematopoietic stem cells using Illumina HiSeq 2000
2014-01-22 | E-GEOD-53742 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3A) is a de novo DNA methyltransferase responsible for establishing CpG methylation patterns within the genome. DNMT3A activity is essential for normal development, and its dysfunction has been linked to developmental disorders and cancer. DNMT3A is frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies with the majority of mutations occurring at Arg-882, where R882H mutations are most frequent. The R882H mutation causes a reduction in DNA methyltransferase activity and hypomethylation at differentially-methylated regions within the genome, ultimately preventing hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and leading to leukemogenesis. Although the means by which the R882H DNMT3A mutation reduces enzymatic activity has been the subject of several studies, the precise mechanism by which this occurs has been elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that in the context of the full-length DNMT3A protein, the R882H mutation stabilizes the formation of large oligomeric DNMT3A species to reduce the overall DNA methyltransferase activity of the mutant protein as well as the WT-R882H complex in a dominant-negative manner. This shift in the DNMT3A oligomeric equilibrium and the resulting reduced enzymatic activity can be partially rescued in the presence of oligomer-disrupting DNMT3L, as well as DNMT3A point mutations along the oligomer-forming interface of the catalytic domain. In addition to modulating the oligomeric state of DNMT3A, the R882H mutation also leads to a DNA-binding defect, which may further reduce enzymatic activity. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the observed loss of DNMT3A activity associated with the R882H hot spot mutation in cancer.
| S-EPMC6851320 | biostudies-literature
Project description:DNMT3A (DNA methyltransferase 3A) is a de novo DNA methyltransferase responsible for establishing CpG methylation patterns within the genome. DNMT3A activity is essential for normal development, and its dysfunction has been linked to developmental disorders and cancer. DNMT3A is frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies with the majority of mutations occurring at Arg-882, where R882H mutations are most frequent. The R882H mutation causes a reduction in DNA methyltransferase activity and hypomethylation at differentially-methylated regions within the genome, ultimately preventing hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and leading to leukemogenesis. Although the means by which the R882H DNMT3A mutation reduces enzymatic activity has been the subject of several studies, the precise mechanism by which this occurs has been elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that in the context of the full-length DNMT3A protein, the R882H mutation stabilizes the formation of large oligomeric DNMT3A species to reduce the overall DNA methyltransferase activity of the mutant protein as well as the WT-R882H complex in a dominant-negative manner. This shift in the DNMT3A oligomeric equilibrium and the resulting reduced enzymatic activity can be partially rescued in the presence of oligomer-disrupting DNMT3L, as well as DNMT3A point mutations along the oligomer-forming interface of the catalytic domain. In addition to modulating the oligomeric state of DNMT3A, the R882H mutation also leads to a DNA-binding defect, which may further reduce enzymatic activity. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the observed loss of DNMT3A activity associated with the R882H hot spot mutation in cancer.
| S-EPMC6851320 | biostudies-literature