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The effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs)

ABSTRACT: We investigated the influence of SCFAs on human, monocyte derived DCs that represent a reliable in vitro model to study circulating DCs, one of the key regulators of our immune system. We studied the individual effect exerted by SCFA, the main metabolic end-products of fermentation by anaerobic bacteria in the gut, on the gene expression of immature and mature DC, exploring the potential of circulating bacterial metabolites to directly influence immune system cells. We found that SCFAs have little effect on the transcriptome of immature DC, whereas the transcriptome of mature DC was highly perturbed especially by butyrate and propionate. Our findings show an overall down-regulation of LPS-induced inflammatory responses and provide new insights into host-microbiome interactions. In this dataset, we include the expression data obtained from immature and matured (via lipopolysaccharide, LPS) human monocyte-derived dendritic cells untreated and treated with 1mM of acetate, butyrate, or propionate.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE66989 | GEO | 2015/12/28

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA278644

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Human monocyte derived dendritic cells matured via galectin-1 or LPS. Experiment Overall Design: 4 conditions with 3 replicates of each include control or intreated immature MDDCS, galectin-1 treated MDDCs, LPS treated MDDCs, and vehicle control MDDCs. (each replicate is from a distinct DONOR). Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent mediators of the immune response, and can be activated by exogenous pathogen components. Galectin-1 is a member of the conserved beta-galactoside-binding lectin family that binds galactoside residues on cell surface glycoconjugates. Galectin-1 is known to play a role in immune regulation via action on multiple immune cells. However, its effects on human DCs are unknown. In this study, we show that galectin-1 induces a phenotypic and functional maturation in human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) similar to but distinct from the activity of the exogenous pathogen stimuli, LPS. Immature human MDDCs exposed to galectin-1 up-regulated cell surface markers characteristic of DC maturation (CD40, CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR), secreted high levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, stimulated T cell proliferation, and showed reduced endocytic capacity, similar to LPS-matured MDDCs. However, unlike LPS-matured DCs, galectin-1-treated MDDCs did not produce the Th1-polarizing cytokine IL-12. Microarray analysis revealed that in addition to modulating many of the same DC maturation genes as LPS, galectin-1 also uniquely up-regulated a significant subset of genes related to cell migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM). Indeed, compared with LPS, galectin-1-treated human MDDCs exhibited significantly better chemotactic migration through Matrigel, an in vitro ECM model. Our findings show that galectin-1 is a novel endogenous activator of human MDDCs that up-regulates a significant subset of genes distinct from those regulated by a model exogenous stimulus (LPS). One unique effect of galectin-1 is to increase DC migration through the ECM, suggesting that galectin-1 may be an important component in initiating an immune response.

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The effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs)

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