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Bacteria differently regulate mRNA abundance to specifically respond to various stresses

ABSTRACT: Environmental stress is detrimental to cell viability and requires an adequate reprogramming of cellular activities to maximize cell survival. We present a global analysis of the response of Escherichia coli to acute heat and osmotic stress. We combine deep sequencing of total mRNA and ribosome-protected fragments to provide a genome-wide map of the stress response at transcriptional and translational level. For each type of stress, we observe a unique subset of genes that shape the stress-specific response. Upon temperature upshift, mRNAs with reduced folding stability up- and downstream of the start codon, and thus with more accessible initiation regions, are translationally favoured. Conversely, osmotic upshift causes a global reduction of highly-translated transcripts with high copy numbers, allowing reallocation of translation resources to undegraded and newly synthesised mRNAs

ORGANISM(S): Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MC4100

PROVIDER: GSE68762 | GEO | 2015/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA283800

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Bacteria differently regulate mRNA copy numbers to specifically respond to various stresses

Project description:Environmental stress is detrimental to cell viability and requires an adequate reprogramming of cellular activities to maximize cell survival. We present a global analysis of the response of Escherichia coli to acute heat and osmotic stress. We combine deep sequencing of total mRNA and ribosome-protected fragments to provide a genome-wide map of the stress response at transcriptional and translational level. For each type of stress, we observe a unique subset of genes that shape the stress-specific response. Upon temperature upshift, mRNAs with reduced folding stability up- and downstream of the start codon, and thus with more accessible initiation regions, are translationally favoured. Conversely, osmotic upshift causes a global reduction of highly-translated transcripts with high copy numbers, allowing reallocation of translation resources to undegraded and newly synthesised mRNAs Comparing global transcriptional and translational control by mRNA-Seq and Ribosome Profiling (mRNA-Seq of ribosome protected fragments – RPF)

2015-07-01 | E-GEOD-68762 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Role of Yap4 in Yeast Osmotic Stress Response

Project description:The role of the S. cerevisiae Yap4 transcription factor in the response to hyperosmolarity was investigated in two ways. Firstly, to assess the overall response of the yap4 deleted strain genome wide analysis upon a mild upshift in osmolarity was compared to the same response in the wt strain. Secondly, in order to identify genes whose osmo-expression is differentially regulated in the mutant strain (ie potential Yap4 target genes) the relative abundance of cDNAs of the wt and yap4 mutant strain obtained upon an osmotic upshift were directly compared by microarray analysis. Keywords: Mutant Stress Response

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Transcription profiling time series of Sinorhizobium meliloti in response to an osmotic upshift elicited by salt or sucrose

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2006-08-17 | E-MEXP-785 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Oxidative stress in stationary-phase cultures

Project description:Background: As carbon sources are exhausted, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells exhibit reduced metabolic activity and cultures enter stationary phase. We asked whether cells in stationary-phase cultures respond to additional stress at the level of transcript abundance. Results: Microarrays were used to quantify changes in transcript abundance in cells from stationary-phase cultures. In response to oxidative stress, more than 800 mRNAs increased within 1 minute. A significant number of these mRNAs encode proteins involved in stress responses. We tested whether mRNA increases were due to new transcription, rapid poly-adenylation of message (which would not be detected by microarrays), or potential release of mature mRNA sequestered in the cell but insoluble during RNA isolation. Examination of the response to oxidative stress in an RNA polymerase II mutant, rpb1-1 suggested new transcription was not required. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of a subset of these transcripts further suggested that essentially all isolated transcripts were polyadenylated. In contrast, over 1000 transcripts increased after protease treatment of cell-free lysates from stationary-phase but not exponentially growing cultures. We also determined that oxidative stress and temperature upshift led to the release of different transcripts, suggesting that mRNA release is stress specific. Conclusions: A large number of mRNAs are sequestered in a protease-labile, rapidly releasable form in cells in stationary-phase cultures but not exponentially growing cultures. The differences between mRNAs released by protease treatment and those observed with oxidative stress and temperature upshift, suggest different stresses cause the release of different transcripts. We hypothesize that P-bodies are involved in this sequestration. Keywords: stress response

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Hog1 controls global reallocation of RNA Pol II upon osmotic shock

Project description:When challenged with osmotic shock, S. cerevisiae induces hundreds of genes, despite a global reduction in transcriptional capacity. The mechanisms that regulate this rapid reallocation of transcriptional resources are not known. Here we show that redistribution of RNA Pol II upon stress requires the stress-responsive MAP kinase Hog1. We find that Hog1 and RNA Pol II co-localize to open reading frames that bypass global transcriptional repression, and that these targets are specified by two osmotic stress-responsive transcription factors. The combination of reduced global transcription with a gene-specific override mechanism allows cells to rapidly switch their transcriptional program in response to stress. ChIP-sequencing of S. cervisiae RNA Pol II, Hog1, Sko1 and Hot1 Processed data file descriptions: ORFcounts.txt: table of summed ChIP-seq reads that align to each ORF (normalized by reads per kilobase per million) promoter_counts.txt: table of summed ChIP-seq reads that align to each promoter (1kb upstream, normalized by reads per kilobase per million) downstream_counts.txt: table of summed ChIP-seq reads that align 3' regions (50-500 bp downstream, normalized by reads per kilobase per million) Sko1_peak_list.txt: table of peaks found by PeakSeq Hot1_peak_list.txt: table of peaks found by PeakSeq

2012-07-15 | E-GEOD-38208 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Systems-wide understanding of the osmotic response and metabolic rearrangement in Bacillus megaterium

Project description:For many years now, Bacillus megaterium has served as a microbial industrial strain for high-level production of recombinant proteins in the g/L-scale. Nevertheless, the impact of process-related stress has only been poorly characterized so far. Taking advantage of the recent technical developments for quantifying the cell at various molecular levels, we interrogated the osmotic stress response of B. megaterium using transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and fluxome analyses. Under osmotic upshift conditions, several stress response enzymes, iron scavenging, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) fighting proteins were upregulated. The downregulation of genes of the upper part of glycolysis resulted in the activation of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), generating an oversupply of NADPH. The (NADH/NAD+) ratio indicating the redox state of the cell was also altered, which was partially compensated by the higher production of lactate accompanied by the reduction of acetate secretion. NADH was produced mainly within the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle elucidated from the higher mRNA and protein levels of enzymes involved within this pathway. This adaptation mainly focused on the massive de novo synthesis of the compatible solute proline recruiting an osmo-dependent pathway to fulfil this requirement. 13C flux analyses confirmed these findings. Giving the high flux towards acetyl-CoA and large pool of NADPH, B. megaterium cells redirected the produced acetyl-CoA to the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthetic pathway under non-limiting nutrient condition, amassing around 30% of the CDW as PHB. This direct relation between osmotic stress and intracellular PHB content has been evidenced for the first time, thus opening new avenues for synthesizing this valuable biopolymer using varying salt concentrations under non-limiting nutrient conditions.

2020-05-26 | PXD015605 | Pride

Expression data of Frankia sp. strain CcI6 under salt stress, osmotic stress, and control conditions (no salt/osmotic stress)

Project description:Purpose:to identify the response of Frankia sp.strain CcI6 to salt and osmotic stress. Frankia sp.strain CcI6 was exposed to salt and osmotic stress for seven days. RNAseq analysis was carried out to ge an insight into the response of the bacterium under salt and osmotic stress conditons

2017-09-22 | GSE95217 | GEO

Genome-wide analysis of stress-responsive genes and alternative splice variants in Arabidopsis roots under osmotic stresses

Project description:The shoots and roots of a plant respond differently to osmotic stress, as they have distinct functions and anatomical structures. Under conditions of high solute concentration, such as in saline soils or drought, water uptake by the roots is reduced, resulting in cellular dehydration. In this study, we performed transcriptional profiling of roots of Arabidopsis under osmotic stress conditions such as high salinity and drought using mRNA-Seq for the assessment of gene expression changes in roots of Arabidopsis. mRNA-Seq analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes showed differential expressions under both salt stress and drought stress conditions in roots and were distinct from aerial parts. We confirmed 68 transcription factor genes which is involved in osmotic stress signal transduction in roots and are connected tightly. Interestingly, well-known ABA-dependent and/or -independent osmotic stress-responsive genes were less increased in roots, indicating that osmotic stress response in roots might be regulated by stress pathways other than well-known pathways. We identified 26 osmotic stress-responsive genes, which have alternative splicing variant isoforms, showed distinct expression in roots under osmotic stress conditions from the mRNA-Seq analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that alternative splicing variants, such as ANNAT4, MAGL6, TRM19, and CAD9, have differential expressions in roots under osmotic stress conditions, indicating that alternative splicing is an important regulatory mechanism in osmotic stress response in roots. Taken together, our study suggest that many transcription factor families are involved in osmotic stress response in roots and tightly connected each other. In addition, alternative splicing and function of alternative splicing variant isoforms are also important in osmotic stress response in roots. To understand the alternative splicing mechanism in roots, further study is necessary.

2023-12-08 | GSE229217 | GEO

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