Project description:By combination of FACS sorting based on lipid sensitive Nile Red staining and small cell number proteomics the occurrence of population heterogeneity was analyzed. First population heterogeneity was identified by Nile Red staining and FACS in N. oceanica cells grown in nitrogen replete and nitrogen deplete media. For each condition two subpopulations(+NP3,+NP4,-NP3,-NP4) were detected and three replicates were sorted. Using the gathered proteome data proteins were identified and quantified with the MaxQuant software. Based on these quantification results a two sample t-test was performed to show significant regulation between +NP3 vs. +NP4 or -NP3 vs. -NP4. Goal was to understand the biological reasons for differences in lipid production between subpopulations.
Project description:Lipid laden macrophages (LLM) can often be found in the airway and may indicate aspiration secondary to gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR). GOR is often associated chronic inflammatory airways diseases. We therefore sought to determine whether lipid droplets from undigested or partially digested food had an effect on macrophage gene expression leading to bronchial inflammation. To test this, we generated an in vitro model using differentiated THP-1 cells which were treated with a high fat liquid feed. Gene expression, using the Agilent G4851C (v3) array, in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) differentiated THP-1 cells was compared to undifferentiated cells and lipid treated differentiated THP-1 cells.
Project description:Fat metabolism is also peturbed after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Patients have less fat in the liver (4) and increased fasting lipid oxidation (5) compared to controls. Similarly, in a BioBreeding rat model of type 1 diabetes, the diabetes-prone animals develop a reduced respiratory quotient compared to non-diabetic rats before the onset of hyperglycemia, consistent with an increased use of fatty acids relative to carbohydrates as an energy substrate (6). We hypothesized that a lack of insulin reaching the liver contributes to the metabolic shift towards lipid oxidation observed in humans with type 1 diabetes and rodent models of the disease. To test our hypothesis, we measured changes in the hepatic gene expression and serum metabolome of a BioBreeding rat model of type 1 diabetes before and after the onset of hyperglycemia.
Project description:Microbiome regulation of lipid metabolism Germfree male C57BL/6J mice were purchased at 8 weeks of age from Charles River Laboratories (L'Arbresle, France). Mice were treated with 10^8 CFU/mL E. coli M8 strain (isolated from the feces of an ob/ob mouse) in drinking water for 14 days. At the end of the treatment, mice were subjected to an oral lipid tolerance test (OLTT) (with 6ml/kg of corn oil) after overnight fasting (14h). All mice were sacrificed 6 hours after the lipid tolerance test and ileum samples were collected for further analysis.
Project description:Some polyphenols are known to improve the symptoms of diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a polyphenol-rich extract of maple syrup (MSx) on a diabetic mouse model. KK-Ay mice were fed a normal or 0.05% MSx-supplemented diet for 42 days. Body weight, food intake, serum biochemical parameters, and fecal total bile acid were measured. Gene expression of liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and cecal microbiota were analyzed. Data were analyzed with an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test or Welch’s t test according to the results of the F test. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in mice that consumed MSx. Hepatic genes related to fatty acid degradation and cholesterol catabolism were upregulated in mice that consumed MSx. In contrast, the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in WAT was unaffected by the intake of MSx. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of total bile acid level in the feces and the relative abundance of bacteria in the cecum. Our results primarily indicate that MSx can help alleviate one of the symptoms of dyslipidemia.
Project description:Some polyphenols are known to improve the symptoms of diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a polyphenol-rich extract of maple syrup (MSx) on a diabetic mouse model. KK-Ay mice were fed a normal or 0.05% MSx-supplemented diet for 42 days. Body weight, food intake, serum biochemical parameters, and fecal total bile acid were measured. Gene expression of liver and epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and cecal microbiota were analyzed. Data were analyzed with an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test or Welch’s t test according to the results of the F test. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in mice that consumed MSx. Hepatic genes related to fatty acid degradation and cholesterol catabolism were upregulated in mice that consumed MSx. In contrast, the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in WAT was unaffected by the intake of MSx. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of total bile acid level in the feces and the relative abundance of bacteria in the cecum. Our results primarily indicate that MSx can help alleviate one of the symptoms of dyslipidemia.
Project description:Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a prominent feature of prostate cancer that is driven by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Here we used quantitative mass spectrometry to define the “lipidome” in prostate tumors with matched benign tissues (n=21), independent unmatched tissues (n=47), and primary prostate explants cultured with the clinical AR antagonist enzalutamide (n=43). Significant differences in lipid composition were detected and spatially visualized in tumors compared to matched benign samples. Notably, tumors featured higher proportions of monounsaturated lipids overall and elongated fatty acid chains in phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine lipids. Significant associations between lipid profile and malignancy were validated in unmatched samples, and phospholipid composition was characteristically altered in patient tissues that responded to AR inhibition. Importantly, targeting tumor-related lipid features via inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 significantly reduced cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in tissue explants (n=13). This first characterization of the prostate cancer lipidome in clinical tissues reveals enhanced fatty acid synthesis, desaturation and elongation as tumor-defining features, with potential for therapeutic targeting.
Project description:Interventions: one:Test group (lipid bupivacaine group): 1.3% of lipid bupivacaine 10 mL plus saline 20 mL totaling 30 mL.;two :Control group (common bupivacaine group): inject 10 mL of 0.75% bupivacaine plus 20 mL of normal saline per side for a total of 30 mL.
Primary outcome(s): Area under the curve of resting pain and motor pain scores from 12 h to 72 h after surgery
Study Design: Parallel