Project description:Sex condition has been demonstrated to alter meat quality and sex is a major factor that affects the fatty acid composition of lipids of carcass dissectible or intramuscular depot fats. But the possible genetic molecular mechanism of gender causing meat quality differences is not well defined. Qinchuan cattle, Qinghai yak and Guangxi buffalo are three typical indigenous species of cattle in China. Obivious differences of meat quality exist among the three species of cattle. Few studies have been conducted to elucidate the muscle tissue expression of genes involved in pathways and mechanisms leading to meat quality differences beyond the phenotype properties of beef. Bovine Genome Arrays were used to construct muscle expression profiles of the longuissimus dorsi from Qinchuan cattle at 36 months and screen differentially expressed genes in the longuissimus dorsi muscle tissues among different genders of Qinchuan cattle, between Qinchuan cattle and Qinghai yak, and between Qinchuan cattle and Guangxi buffalo.
Project description:Oligonucleotide DNA microarrays were used as a platform to compare C. jejuni isolates from feedlot cattle and human clinical cases from Alberta. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis was performed on 87 isolates (46 bovine, 41 human) obtained within the same geographical regions and time frame. In addition, We also performed gene association analysis to determine if any genes may be differentially distributed between human and cattle sources or between clusters dominated by either human or cattle isolates (“human enriched” vs “cattle enriched”). Keywords: Comparative Genomic Hybridization; Genomic epidemiology; Gene-association study
Project description:To explore the role of miRNAs in intrauterine exosomes in cattle pregnancy, we analyzed the expression levels of the exosomal miRNAs in Xianan cows, a beef cattle breed in China.
Project description:The development of biomarkers of fertility could provide benefits for the genetic improvement of dairy cows. Circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) show promise as diagnostic or prognostic markers since their cargo reflects the metabolic state of the cell of origin; thus, they mirror the physiological status of the host. Here, we employed data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to survey the plasma and plasma sEV proteomes of two different cohorts of Young (Peripubertal; n = 30) and Aged (Primiparous; n = 20) dairy cows (Bos taurus) of high- and low-genetic merit of fertility and known pregnancy outcomes (ProteomeXchange dataset identifier PXD042891). We established predictive models of fertility status, with an area under the curve of 0.97 (sEV; p value = 3.302e-07) and 0.95 (plasma; p value = 6.405e-08). Biomarker candidates unique to high-fertility Young cattle had a sensitivity of 0.77 and specificity of 0.67 (*p = 0.0287). Low-fertility biomarker candidates uniquely identified in sEVs from Young and Aged cattle had a sensitivity and specificity of 0.69 and 1.0, respectively (***p = 0.0005). Our bioinformatics pipeline enabled quantification of plasma and circulating sEV proteins associated with fertility phenotype. Further investigations are warranted to validate this research in a larger population, which may lead to improved classification of fertility status in cattle.
Project description:The fur of the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula), a model marsupial, is lightweight, soft and has superior insulation properties. Two predominate fur colours exisit: grey or black. RNA-sequencing of skin from grey (n=3) and black (n=3) possums was performed to investigate gene expression changes between these colour morphs.
Project description:This project aimed to characterise the immune response of cattle to buffalo fly infestation using cattle serum samples. The cattle were phenotyped into two groups, high buffalo fly burden and low buffalo fly burden cattle, following exposure to buffalo flies. The SWATH analysis was sued to measure the relative abundance of proteins in serum samples of the two groups at different time points.
Project description:This project aimed to discover the protein-based biomarkers for tick resistance in cattle using cattle skin samples. The cattle were phenotyped into two groups, tick-resistant and susceptible after artificial tick challenge. Mean tick scores were used to categorise cattle. The SWATH analysis was sued to measure the relative abundance of proteins in skin samples of the two groups at different time points.
Project description:This project aimed to discover the protein-based biomarkers for tick resistance in cattle using cattle serum samples. The cattle were phenotyped into two groups, tick-resistant and susceptible after an artificial tick challenge. Mean tick scores were used to categorise cattle. The SWATH analysis was sued to measure the relative abundance of proteins in skin samples of the two groups at different time points.
Project description:Cattle plays an important role in providing essential nutrients through meat production. Thus, we focused on epigenetic factors associated with meat yield. To investigating circulating miRNAs that are involved with meat yield and connect biofluids and longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle in Korean cattle, we performed analyses of the carcass characteristics, miRNA array, qPCR, and bioinformatics. Carcass characteristics relative to the yield grade (YG) showed that the yield index and rib eye area were the highest, whereas the backfat thickness was the lowest for YG A (equal to high yield grade) cattle among the three YGs. miRNA array sorted the circulating miRNAs that connect biofluids and LD muscle. miRNA qPCR showed that miR-15a (r = 0.84), miR-26b (r = 0.91), and miR-29c (r = 0.92) had positive relationships with biofluids and LD muscle. In YG A cattle, miR-26b was considered to be a circulating miRNA connecting biofluids and LD muscle because the target genes of miR-26b was more involved with myogenesis. Then, miR-26b targeted genes, DIAPH3 and YOD1 were downregulated in YG A cattle. Our results suggest that miR-15a, miR-26b, and miR-29c are upregulated in biofluids and LD muscle whereas, downregulation of DIAPH3 and YOD1 in the LD muscle of finishing cattle steers.