Moss Physcomitrella paten endogenous peptides, LC-MS/MS, part 2
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: MODEL1109130000MODEL1909260003MODEL1909260004MODEL1703310000MODEL1909260005MODEL1909260006MODEL1311110000MODEL1311110001
INSTRUMENT(S): TripleTOF 5600
ORGANISM(S): Physcomitrella Patens Subsp. Patens (moss)
TISSUE(S): Plant Cell, Protonema, Gametophore
SUBMITTER: 
Igor Fesenko
LAB HEAD: Vadim M Govorun
PROVIDER: PXD007923 | Pride | 2019-08-08
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:Short (<100 codons) open reading frames (sORFs) are common features of all genomes. Proof of translation of sORFs is an important step towards finding of functional sORF-encoded peptides (SEPs). We verified translation of our predicted sORFs using mass-spectrometry (MS) analysis which is often considered as the gold standard in detection of proteins or peptides in cell.
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Project description:Alternative splicing (AS) has a significant potential to impact on the eukaryotic cell transcriptome and proteome. However, the extent of this influence as well as mechanisms, providing the tissue-specific pattern of AS are poorly studied. Here, we analyzed the AS of two life forms, protonema and gametophores, as well as the protoplasts, of a model organism, the Physcomitrella patens moss, using the data of transcriptome and proteome profiling. Altogether, 12,043 genes subjected to alternative splicing were identified. The alternative splicing patterns of 302 genes involved in stress response, growth, and development are changed considerably in the process of the gametophore development, whereas AS of 276 genes involved in transcription regulation, development, cell interactions, and cell response to biotic and abiotic stresses altered upon protoplastitation. Using mass spectrometry analysis, we studied the extent to which AS contributes to proteome diversity and identified 117 isoform-specific peptides for 36 genes with AS events. Our results indicate that AS event have a little impact on the proteome diversity and mostly result in the addition of extra amino acids rather than editing of existing proteins sequences. Among differentially expressed and spliced genes we found serine/arginine-rich (SR) genes, which are known to regulate AS in cells. We identified new isoforms of these genes and data evidencing their translation were obtained at transcriptome and proteome level. We also found that treatment with abscisic and jasmonic acids led to the isoform-specific response in protonema. Besides, we revealed the potential lncRNAmRNA and lncRNApre-mRNA interactions that can influence both the expression and alternative splicing of genes. It can point at an additional level of gene expression and AS regulation by non-coding transcripts in the Physcomitrella patens moss.
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Project description:Mitochondria are known to be functional organelles, but their role as a signaling unit is increasingly being appreciated. The recent identification of a short open reading frame (sORF) in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that encodes a signaling peptide, humanin, suggests the possible existence of additional sORFs in the mtDNA that yield bioactive peptides. Here we report the identification of a sORF within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA encoding a 16-amino-acid peptide named MOTS-c (mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the twelve S rRNA -c) that regulates insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis. MOTS-c is detected in various tissues and in circulation in an age-dependent manner. Its primary target organ appears to be the skeletal muscle and its cellular actions inhibit the folate cycle and its tethered de novo purine biosynthesis, causing a significant accumulation of AICAR levels concomitantly with AMPK activation. MOTS-c treatment in mice prevented age-dependent and high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance, as well as diet-induced obesity. These results suggest that mitochondria may be more actively engaged in regulating metabolic homeostasis than previously recognized, through the production of peptides encoded within its genome that act at the cellular and organismal level.
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Project description:We studied peptide generation process in moss Physcomitrella patens. For this purpose, analysis of peptidome and transcriptome of two different life forms (gametophores and protonema) and also of protoplasts were made.
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