RBM15 CoIP in mouse Embryonic Stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive
ORGANISM(S): Mus Musculus (mouse)
TISSUE(S): Embryonic Stem Cell
SUBMITTER: 
Benoit Moindrot
LAB HEAD: Neil Brockdorff
PROVIDER: PXD017348 | Pride | 2020-02-07
REPOSITORIES: Pride
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Project description:A doxycycline-inducible Xist cDNA transgene was introduced into mouse chromosome 12 at approximately 110Mb (NCBI build m36). Insertion of the transgene was heterozygous, so only one copy of chromosome 12 carried the transgene, and the other chromosome 12 was wild-type. Upon doxycycline induction, the transgene is expressed, producing Xist transgene RNA which localises to autosomal material in cis, leading to silencing of genes adjacent to the transgene. Due to the heterozygous nature of transgene insertion and the cis nature of silencing, for any silenced gene, the maximum possible downregulation in expression levels was 50%. To quantify the changes in the levels of gene expression in response to Xist transgene expression, total RNA was extracted from differentiated ES cells treated with doxycycline. As background control, total RNA was also prepared from uninduced, differentiated ES cells (cultured in parallel to doxycycline-treated cells). The total RNA was then used to make labelled cRNA, which was hybridised to an Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array.
2010-05-10 | E-MEXP-2088 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A doxycycline-inducible Xist cDNA transgene was introduced into mouse chromosome 17 at approximately 71.24Mb (NCBI Build m36). Insertion of the transgene was heterozygous, so only one copy of chromosome 17 carried the transgene, and the other chromosome 17 was wild-type. Upon doxycycline induction, the transgene is expressed, producing Xist transgene RNA which localises to autosomal material in cis, leading to silencing of genes adjacent to the transgene. Due to the heterozygous nature of transgene insertion and the cis nature of silencing, for any silenced gene, the maximum possible downregulation in expression levels was 50%.<br><br><br><br>To quantify the changes in the levels of gene expression in response to Xist transgene expression, total RNA was extracted from undifferentiated and differentiated ES cells treated with doxycycline. As background control, total RNA was also prepared from uninduced cells (both undifferentiated and differentiated, cultured in parallel to doxycycline-treated cells). The total RNA was then used to make labelled cRNA, which was hybridised to an Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 array.
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Project description:A doxycycline-inducible Xist cDNA transgene was introduced into mouse chromosome 3 at approximately 99.79Mb (NCBI Build m36). Insertion of the transgene was homozygous, so only one copy of chromosome 3 carried the transgene, and the other chromosome 3 was wild-type. Upon doxycycline induction, the transgene is expressed, producing Xist transgene RNA which localises to autosomal material in cis, leading to silencing of genes adjacent to the transgene. Due to the homozygous nature of transgene insertion and the cis nature of silencing, for any silenced gene, the maximum possible downregulation in expression levels was 50%.<br><br><br><br>To quantify the changes in the levels of gene expression in response to Xist transgene expression, total RNA was extracted from undifferentiated and differentiated ES cells treated with doxycycline for three days. As background control, total RNA was also extracted from uninduced cells (both undifferentiated and differentiated, cultured in parallel to doxycycline-treated cells). cRNA was labelled from the total RNAs, and then hybridised to Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays.
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Project description:JARID2 ChIP-seq profile mediated by Xist was investigated using two separate approaches: In the first approach, we use the TX1072 female embryonic stem cell (ESC) line; this is a genetically polymorphic ESC line derived from a mouse with one X-chromosome (X-chr) from the Mus musculus castaneus (Cast) origin and the other of Mus musculus domesticus, C57BL/6 (BL6) strain origin, containing an inducible promoter on the BL6 Xist allele; differentiation and simultaneous induction of Xist for 4 days results in the inactivation of ONLY the BL6-derived X-chr and coating by JARID2 protein. We analysed this ESC line in the undifferentiated state, in which both X-chrs are active (and not coated by JARID2), and also after 4 days of differentiation under Xist inducible conditions, in which cells display one inactive X-chr from BL6 origin and one Xa of the Cast origin; the presence of SNPs allows for the comparison of the degree and localisation of JARID2 enrichment on the inactive X-chr versus the active X-chr; our results suggests that JARID2 is enriched on the inactive X-chr chromosome-wide and not in confined peaks as elsewhere in the genome; This pattern resembles patterns of Xist enrichment published before (Engreitz et al., 2013). In the second approach, we use a male ESC line that carries an inducible Xist transgene (TG) on chromosome 11 (chr11) (Wutz et al., 2000) in the presence (36:11 WT) or the absence of Eed (36:11 Eed-/-) Induction of Xist TG results in Xist coating and enrichment of JARID2 across the chr11, regardless of the presence of Eed when assess by IF/Xist RNA FISH experiments. We compare inducible and uninducible condition in both the 36:11 WT and Eed-/- ESCs; this way, we could assess the Xist-mediated JARID2 recruitment and the effect of the absence of Eed-/-; Our results shows that Xist induction result in a chromosome-wide enrichment of JARID2 on chr11, in a manner that resembles enrichment on the inactive X-chr; this pattern seem to be independent of EED, showing that in contrast to other regions in the genome where JARID2 occupancy is abrogated in the absence of EED, Xist-mediated JARID2 recruitment is not affected. JARID2 ChIP-seq analysis in differentiating female ESCs (TX1072) and in a male ESC harbouring a Xist transgene on chromosome 11 in WT and Eed-/- genetics settings
2014-01-23 | E-GEOD-52073 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Xist orchestrates X chromosome inactivation, a process that entails chromosome-wide silencing and remodeling of the 3-dimensional structure of the X chromosome. Yet, it remains unclear whether these changes in nuclear structure are mediated by Xist and whether they are required for silencing. Here we show that Xist directly interacts with the Lamin B Receptor (LBR), an integral component of the nuclear lamina, and that this interaction is required for Xist-mediated silencing. We show that this interaction recruits the inactive X to the nuclear lamina and by doing so enables Xist to spread to actively transcribed genes across the X. Our results demonstrate that lamina recruitment changes the accessibility of DNA thereby enabling Xist, and its silencing proteins, to spread across the X to silence transcription. We examined the genomic localization of the Xist lncRNA using RNA Antisense Purification (RAP) in male mouse ES cells where the endogenous Xist promoter is replaced by a tet-inducible one (pSM33) containing 1) wild-type Xist (WT), 2) A-repeat deletion Xist (dA), 3) LBR binding site deletion Xist (dLBS), 4) dLBS-Xist rescued with LMNB1 (LMNB1Res), 5) LBR CRISPRi knock down (LBRKD), or 6) SHARP CRISPRi knock down (SHARPKD).
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Project description:Many large noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate chromatin, but the mechanisms by which they localize to genomic targets remain unexplored. Here we investigate the localization mechanisms of Xist during X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), a paradigm of lncRNA-mediated chromatin regulation. During the maintenance of XCI, Xist binds broadly across the X-chromosome. During initiation of XCI, Xist initially transfers to distal regions across the X-chromosome that are not defined by specific sequences. Instead, Xist identifies these regions by exploiting the three-dimensional conformation of the X-chromosome. Xist initially accumulates on the periphery of actively transcribed regions and requires its silencing domain to spread across active regions. This suggests a model where Xist coats the entire X-chromosome by searching in three dimensions, modifying chromosome structure, and spreading to newly accessible locations. We examined the genomic localization of the Xist lncRNA using RNA Antisense Purification (RAP) in multiple cell contexts: 1) differentiated female cells (MLFs); 2) a time-course of Xist localization in male embryonic stem (ES) cells where the endogenous Xist promoter is replaced by a tet-inducible one (pSM33); 3) a time-course of Xist localization in differentiating female ES cells (F1 2-1); and 4) wild-type (delXF6) and A-repeat deletion (delSXC9) Xist transgenes incorporated into the Hprt locus under the control of a tet-inducible promoter.
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Project description:Down syndrome is a common disorder with enormous medical and social costs, caused by trisomy for Chr21. We tested the concept that gene imbalance across an extra chromosome can be de facto corrected in DS patient stem cells by manipulating a single gene, XIST. Using zinc finger nucleases, we targeted a large, inducible XIST transgene into the Chr21 DYRK1A locus, in DS pluripotent stem cells. XIST RNA coats Chr21 and triggers stable heterochromatin modifications, chromosome-wide transcriptional silencing and DNA methylation to form a M-bM-^@M-^\Chr21 Barr Body.M-bM-^@M-^] This provides a model to study human chromosome inactivation and creates a system to investigate genomic expression changes and cellular pathologies of trisomy 21, free from genetic and epigenetic noise. In this study, we used microarrays to understand the genome-wide impacts of inducible XIST expression on Chr21 in trisomy 21 human iPS cell lines, and to evaluate the extent of Chr21 silencing trisomic samples versus a disomic male iPS cell line. Three independently targeted subclones plus the parental Chr21 trisomic (non-targeted) iPS cell line were grown M-BM-1 doxycycline (2 M-BM-5g/ml) for 22 d. Normal male iPS line was also cultured for 22 d and total RNA was extracted with a High Pure RNA extraction kit (Roche) in triplicate for each, processed with a Gene Chip 3M-bM-^@M-^Y IVT Express Kit (Affymetrix), and hybridized to Affymetrix human gene expression PrimeView arrays. Array normalization was performed with Affymetrix Expression Console Software with Robust Multichip Analysis (RMA). Probesets with the top 60% of signal values were considered present and M-bM-^@M-^\expressedM-bM-^@M-^] and were used for all further analysis. In total 9 RNA samples were prepared in triplicate for a total of 27 arrays.
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2012-06-12 | E-GEOD-36417 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In mammals, genes located on the X chromosome are present in one copy in XY males and two in XX females. To balance the dosage of X-linked gene expression between the sexes one of the two X chromosomes in females is silenced by X inactivation initiated by up-regulation of the lncRNA (long non-coding RNA) Xist and recruitment of specific chromatin modifiers for silencing. The inactivated X chromosome becomes heterochromatic and visits a specific nuclear compartment adjacent to the nucleolus. We report a novel role for the X-linked lncRNA Firre in anchoring the inactive mouse X chromosome and preserving one of its main epigenetic features, trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Similar to Dxz4, Firre is expressed from a macrosatellite repeat locus associated with a cluster of CTCF and cohesin binding specifically on the inactive X. CTCF binding initially present in both male and female mouse embryonic stem cells was found to be lost from the active X during development. The Firre and Dxz4 loci on the inactive X were preferentially located adjacent to the nucleolus. Knockdown of Firre RNA disrupted perinucleolar targeting and H3K27me3 levels in mouse fibroblasts, demonstrating an important role for this lncRNA in maintenance of one of the main epigenetic features of the X chromosome. There was no X-linked gene reactivation after Firre knockdown; however, a compensatory increase in the expression of chromatin modifier genes implicated in X silencing was observed. In female ES cells Firre RNA knockdown did not disrupt Xist expression/coating nor silencing of G6pdx during differentiation, suggesting that Firre does not play a role in the onset of X inactivation. We conclude that the X-linked lncRNA Firre helps position the inactive X chromosome near the nucleolus and preserve one of its main epigenetic features. Examination of allelic protein-binding or histone modification profiles in Patski cells.
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