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Label-Free Quantification Method for Assessing Sex from Modern and Ancient Bovine Tooth Enamel

ABSTRACT: Identification of the sex of fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to manifold factors, sex determination of fossils is often impossible. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine animal’s sex applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides

INSTRUMENT(S): Q Exactive HF

ORGANISM(S): Bos Taurus (bovine)

TISSUE(S): Enamel, Tooth Enamel

DISEASE(S): Disease Free

SUBMITTER: Paula Kotli

LAB HEAD: Prof. Elisabetta Boaretto

PROVIDER: PXD053146 | Pride | 2024-10-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	HF2_EB_20701_Control1_07032024.raw	Raw
	HF2_EB_20701_Control1_07032024.raw_20240317.mgf	Mgf
	HF2_EB_20701_Control1_07032024.raw_20240317.mzid.gz	Mzid
	HF2_EB_20701_Control2_07032024.raw	Raw
	HF2_EB_20701_Control2_07032024.raw_20240317.mgf	Mgf

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Publications

A label-free quantification method for assessing sex from modern and ancient bovine tooth enamel.

Kotli Paula P Morgenstern David D Bocquentin Fanny F Khalaily Hamoudi H Horwitz Liora Kolska LK Boaretto Elisabetta E

Scientific reports 20240806 1

Identification of the sex of modern, fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to many-factors, sex determination of osteological remains is often problematic. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine an animal's sex from tooth enamel, by applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides 'LRYPYP' (AmelY;[M+2] 2+ 404.7212 m/z) and 'LRYPYPSY' (Am ...[more]

PMID: 39107380

Similar Datasets

Label-Free Quantification Method for Assessing Sex from Modern and Ancient Bovine Tooth Enamel PART II

Project description:Identification of the sex of fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to manifold factors, sex determination of fossils is often impossible. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine animal’s sex applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides ‘LRYPYP’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 404.7212 m/z) and ‘LRYPYPSY’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 529.7689 m/z) that are solely present in males that permitted determination of the animal’s sex. We examine the application of this method to eight (8) modern cattle (Bos taurus) and (12) twelve fossil (Bos) samples from a Neolithic sites of Beisamoun in Israel (8th–7th millennium BC). Our methodology correctly determinate sex in all modern and ancient samples.

2024-10-17 | PXD053148 | Pride

Label-Free Quantification Method for Assessing Sex from Modern and Ancient Bovine Tooth Enamel. PART III

Project description:Identification of the sex of modern, fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to manifold factors, sex determination of such remains is often impossible. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine an animal sex applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides ‘LRYPYP’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 404.7212 m/z) and ‘LRYPYPSY’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 529.7689 m/z) that are solely present in tooth enamel of males. we applied this method to eight (8) modern cattle (Bos taurus) and (12) twelve archaeological samples of Bos from a Neolithic sites of Beisamoun, Israel (8th–7th millennium BC). Our methodology correctly identified the sex of the modern samples and enabled determination of sex in the archaeological samples.

2024-10-17 | PXD053225 | Pride

Sex estimation of a Mesolithic infant through enamel peptides by LC-MS/MS

Project description:Sex estimation of a Mesolithic infant by amelogenin peptides

2021-11-29 | PXD017532 | Pride

Gendering Prehistory Through Science. Women and Early Social Complexity in Copper Age Iberia.

Project description:Given the absence of written records, the main source of information available to analyze gender inequalities in early complex societies is the human body itself. And yet, for decades, archaeologists have struggled with the identification of the sex of poorly preserved human remains. Here we present an exceptional case study that shows how ground-breaking new scientific methods may address this problem. Through the analysis of sexually dimorphic amelogenin peptides in tooth enamel by nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we establish that the most socially prominent person of the Iberian Copper Age (c. 3200-2300 cal BC) was not male, as previously thought, but female. The meticulous anthropological, contextual and comparative analysis of this woman, discovered in 2008 at Valencina, Spain, reveals that she was a leading social figure at a time where no male attained a remotely comparable social position. Only other women, buried a short time after in the Montelirio tholos, part of the same burial area, appear to have enjoyed a similarly high social position. Our results invite to reconsider established interpretations about the political role of women at the onset of early social complexity, while at the same time questions traditionally-held views of the past and naïve assumptions concerning the determination of sex and gender through grave goods alone. Furthermore, this study anticipates the profound changes that newly-developed scientific methods may bring to prehistoric archaeology and the study of human social evolution.

2023-07-06 | PXD038664 | Pride

Sex estimation of an Epigravettian (ca. 13 ka) infant through LC-MS anlysis of tooth enamel

Project description:Amelogenin peptides have been used to estimate the sex of an Epigravettian (ca 13 ka) infant from Northeastern Italy.

2022-06-02 | PXD030546 | Pride

Sex estimation of human remains using the results of tooth enamel peptidomic analyses, LC-MSMS

Project description:Sex of individuals, estimated on human remains, is important information in anthropological, archaeological and forensic researches. In forensic anthropology, this is one of the key points for identifying a person. In archeology and paleoanthropology, information about sex is important for reconstructing the social and biological structure of a group, lifestyle, and for modeling demographic and growth processes in the past. Sex estimation of adult individuals is possible according to morphological criteria when metric and descriptive features are used. In case of poor preservation of the adult skeletons, as well as on children's remains, sex estimation by morphological criteria has some limitations. Therefore regular attempts are made to attract alternative methods for sexing human remains. As one of such methods a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of tooth enamel peptides can be used. The result of this analysis is the identification of certain fragments of amelogenins - the main structural proteins of the organic matrix of tooth enamel, which make up more than 90% of its protein content. Amelogenin genes are located on both the X- and Y-chromosomes and the products of these genes have structural differences that allow them to be differentiated from each other. In the process of maturation of tooth enamel, its protein matrix undergoes proteolytic degradation, as a result enamel already contains proteins in the form of their peptide fragments. Reliable and reproducible detection of unique peptide fragments of amelogenins encoded on the X- and Y-chromosomes in human enamel will make it possible to estimate sex of human remains. The work presents a peptidomic analysis of tooth enamel using chromatography-mass spectrometry. Experiments were carried out on a series of teeth of various archaeological data, tafonomic condition of crown and different biological generations of teeth (deciduous and permanent ones).

2020-06-24 | PXD017965 | Pride

Automated high-throughput biological sex identification from archaeological human dental enamel using targeted proteomics

Project description:Biological sex is a key information for archaeological and forensic studies, which can be assessed in enamel using proteomics. However, the lack of a standard approach for fast and accurate sex identification limits the reach of proteomics applications. Here, we introduce a targeted proteomics-based workflow that builds on a rapid, non-destructive, sensitive, and quantitative mass spectrometry (MS) strategy for the determination of biological sex from human dental enamel, including a R-Shiny interface for the data analysis. The method was first developed and optimised using modern teeth material and then validated on an independent set of modern deciduous teeth of known sex. The assay was then applied to archaeological material and demonstrated unprecedented specificity and scalability for molecular sex inference, with the possibility of analysing > 300 individuals in less than two days of MS measurement time, and with subsequent confident sex assignment in less than a day of data analysis.

2024-10-17 | PXD049326 | Pride

Ribosome profiling upon glucose starvation in S. cerevisiae

Project description:A universal feature of the response to stress and nutrient limitation is transcriptional upregulation of genes encoding proteins important for survival. Interestingly, under many of these conditions overall protein synthesis levels are reduced, thereby dampening the stress response at the level of protein expression. For example, during glucose starvation in yeast, translation is rapidly and reversibly repressed, yet transcription of many stress- and glucose-repressed genes is increased. Using ribosome profiling and microscopy, we found that this transcriptionally upregulated gene set consists of two classes: (1) one producing mRNAs that are preferentially translated during glucose limitation and are diffusely localized in the cytoplasm – this class includes many heat shock protein mRNAs; and (2) another producing mRNAs that are poorly translated during glucose limitation, have high rates of translation initiation, and are concentrated in foci that co-localize with P bodies and stress granules – this class is enriched for glucose metabolism mRNAs. Remarkably, the information specifying differential localization and translation of these two classes of mRNAs is encoded in the promoter sequence – promoter responsiveness to heat shock factor (Hsf1) specifies diffuse cytoplasmic localization and preferential translation upon glucose starvation, whereas different promoter elements upstream of genes encoding poorly translated glucose metabolism mRNAs direct these mRNAs to RNA granules under glucose starvation. Thus, promoter sequences and transcription factor binding can influence not only mRNA levels, but also subcellular localization of mRNAs and the efficiency with which they are translated, enabling cells to tailor protein production to environmental conditions. Examination of mRNA translation in S. cerevisiae upon glucose starvation.

2014-07-28 | E-GEOD-56622 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of human pulp and odontoblasts reponse to TGF-beta1

Project description:Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-Î²1) is the most extensively studied growth factor in dentin-pulp complex, with pleiotropic effects on pulp response and healing. Our main objective was to analyze the expression profile of pulp tissue and odontoblasts, and the effects of TGF-Î²1 on these profiles in cultured human pulp and odontoblasts with a specific interest in the anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Experiment Overall Design: Pulp tissues and odontoblasts were cultured for different time periods, and microarray was performed to both cultured and native samples to detect the effects of TGF-Î²1. Expression of various interleukins (IL) were confirmed by RT-PCR, and in +/- TGF-Î²1 treated pulps also by antibody array.

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-8730 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Sex estimation of a Neanderthal tooth fragment using a minimally destructive acid-etch method for dimorphic enamel peptide analysis

Project description:Using a minimally destructive acid-etch procedure, this study successfully identified sex from a Neanderthal tooth fragment (c. 90,100-92,000 years old).

2024-05-24 | PXD038154 | Pride

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