Acetate- and glucose-fed microbial fuel cells
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PROVIDER: PRJEB26776 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:Competition for nutrients like glucose can metabolically restrict T cells and contribute to their hyporesponsiveness during cancer. Metabolic adaptation to the surrounding microenvironment is therefore key for maintaining appropriate cell function. For instance, cancer cells use acetate as a substrate alternative to glucose to fuel metabolism and growth. Here we show that acetate rescued effector function in glucose-restricted CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, acetate promoted histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility, and enhanced IFN-γ gene transcription and cytokine production in an acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS)-dependent manner. Ex vivo acetate treatment increased IFN-γ production by exhausted T cells, while reducing ACSS expression in T cells impaired IFN-γ production by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor clearance. Thus, hyporesponsive T cells can be epigenetically remodeled and reactivated by acetate, suggesting that pathways regulating the use of substrates alternative to glucose could be therapeutically targeted to promote T cell function during cancer.
2019-05-14 | GSE128591 | GEO
Project description:Competition for nutrients like glucose can metabolically restrict T cells and contribute to their hyporesponsiveness during cancer. Metabolic adaptation to the surrounding microenvironment is therefore key for maintaining appropriate cell function. For instance, cancer cells use acetate as a substrate alternative to glucose to fuel metabolism and growth. Here we show that acetate rescued effector function in glucose-restricted CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, acetate promoted histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility, and enhanced IFN-γ gene transcription and cytokine production in an acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS)-dependent manner. Ex vivo acetate treatment increased IFN-γ production by exhausted T cells, while reducing ACSS expression in T cells impaired IFN-γ production by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor clearance. Thus, hyporesponsive T cells can be epigenetically remodeled and reactivated by acetate, suggesting that pathways regulating the use of substrates alternative to glucose could be therapeutically targeted to promote T cell function during cancer.
2019-05-14 | GSE128593 | GEO
Project description:Competition for nutrients like glucose can metabolically restrict T cells and contribute to their hyporesponsiveness during cancer. Metabolic adaptation to the surrounding microenvironment is therefore key for maintaining appropriate cell function. For instance, cancer cells use acetate as a substrate alternative to glucose to fuel metabolism and growth. Here we show that acetate rescued effector function in glucose-restricted CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, acetate promoted histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility, and enhanced IFN-γ gene transcription and cytokine production in an acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACSS)-dependent manner. Ex vivo acetate treatment increased IFN-γ production by exhausted T cells, while reducing ACSS expression in T cells impaired IFN-γ production by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor clearance. Thus, hyporesponsive T cells can be epigenetically remodeled and reactivated by acetate, suggesting that pathways regulating the use of substrates alternative to glucose could be therapeutically targeted to promote T cell function during cancer.
2019-05-14 | GSE128592 | GEO
Project description:Our studies indicate that glucose and acetate can regulate histone acetylation by altering the acetyl-CoA concentrations in the cell. The purpose of this study was to to determine whether specific gene sets correlated with acetyl-CoA availability. We conclude that 10% of glucose-regulated genes are acetyl-CoA regulated genes (genes suppressed or induced by low glucose and reversed by acetate). Acetate usually regulated gene expression in the same direction as glucose, suggesting that acetyl-CoA is a key mediator of glucose-dependent gene expression.
2014-08-05 | GSE57488 | GEO
Project description:To understand the gene response during the glucose to acetate diauxic transition, we grew E. coli in minimal media with acetate and a small amount of glucose. Cells were collected and RNA was purified at different time points during the growth transition, including pre-shift (growth on glucose), 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes after glucose run-out, and steady state growth on acetate (post-shift).
2021-10-09 | GSE185426 | GEO
Project description:Fuel ethanol is now considered a global energy commodity that is fully competitive with gasoline. We have determined genome copy number differences that are common to five industrially important fuel ethanol yeast strains responsible for the production of billions of gallons of fuel ethanol per year from sugarcane. The fuel strains used were CAT1, BG1, PE2, SA1, and VR1 (note that two independent isolates were analyzed, denoted by "-1" and "-2"). These array-CGH data were compared with array-CGH data from nine other non-fuel industrial yeasts: An ale brewing strain ("Sc-ale"), four wine strains (GSY2A, GSY3A, GSY10A, GSY11B), and 4 bakers' yeast strains (GSY149, GSY150, GSY154, GSY155). Our results reveal significant amplifications of the telomeric SNO and SNZ genes only in the fuel strains, whose protein products are involved in the biosynthesis of vitamins B6 (pyridoxine) and B1 (thiamin). We show that these amplifications allow these yeasts to grow efficiently, especially at high sugar concentrations, regardless of the presence or absence of either of the two vitamins. Our results reveal important genetic adaptations that have been selected for in the industrial environment, which may be required for the efficient fermentation of biomass-derived sugars from other renewable feedstocks. A strain or line experiment design type assays differences between multiple strains, cultivars, serovars, isolates, lines from organisms of a single species. Strain Name: fuel strains used for aCGH Strain_or_line_design
2010-06-25 | E-GEOD-13875 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable feedstock for biofuel production. Acetate is one of the major inhibitors liberated from hemicelluloses during hydrolysis. An understanding of the toxic effects of acetate on the fermentation microorganism and the efficient utilization of mixed sugars of glucose and xylose in the presence of hydrolysate inhibitors is crucial for economic biofuel production. Results A new microarray was designed including both coding sequences and intergenic regions to investigate the acetate stress responses of Zymomonas mobilis 8b when using single carbon sources of glucose or xylose, or mixed sugars of both glucose and xylose. With the supplementation of exogenous acetate, 8b can utilize all the glucose with a similar ethanol yield, although the growth, final biomass, and ethanol production rate were reduced. However, xylose utilization was inhibited in both media containing xylose or a mixed sugar of glucose and xylose, although the performance of 8b was better in mixed sugar than xylose-only media. The presence of acetate caused genes related to biosynthesis, the flagellar system, and glycolysis to be downregulated, and genes related to stress responses and energy metabolism to be upregulated. Unexpectedly, xylose seems to pose more stress on 8b, recruiting more genes for xylose utilization, than does acetate. Several gene candidates based on transcriptome results were selected for genetic manipulation, and a TonB-dependent receptor knockout mutant was confirmed to have a slight advantage regarding acetate tolerance. Conclusions Our results indicate Z. mobilis utilized a different mechanism for xylose utilization, with an even more severe impact on Z. mobilis than that caused by acetate treatment. Our study also suggests redox imbalance caused by stressful conditions may trigger a metabolic reaction leading to the accumulation of toxic intermediates such as xylitol, but Z. mobilis manages its carbon and energy metabolism through the control of individual reactions to mitigate the stressful conditions. We have thus provided extensive transcriptomic datasets and gained insights into the molecular responses of Z. mobilis to the inhibitor acetate when grown in different sugar sources, which will facilitate future metabolic modeling studies and strain improvement efforts for better xylose utilization and acetate tolerance.
2014-09-08 | GSE57553 | GEO
Project description:Our studies indicate that glucose and acetate can regulate histone acetylation by altering the acetyl-CoA concentrations in the cell. The purpose of this study was to to determine whether specific gene sets correlated with acetyl-CoA availability. We conclude that 10% of glucose-regulated genes are acetyl-CoA regulated genes (genes suppressed or induced by low glucose and reversed by acetate). Acetate usually regulated gene expression in the same direction as glucose, suggesting that acetyl-CoA is a key mediator of glucose-dependent gene expression. The experiments were performed in quadruplicates for each condition with a total of 12 samples
2014-08-05 | E-GEOD-57488 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Metagenomic analysis of microbes attached to fuel cell electrodes
| PRJEB19676 | ENA
Project description:Microbially-mediated uranium bioremediation has been demonstrated in uranium contaminated aquifers when acetate was artificially supplied and growth of the natural population of Geobacteraceae was stimulated. In order to mimic the environmental response to acetate, steady-state cells of G. sulfureducens were cultured in chemostats under conditions of either 1) acetate as the sole electron donor and limiting factor and fumarate as the sole electron acceptor or 2) acetate was supplied in excess with fumarate as sole electron acceptor and limiting factor. In silico fluxome modeling and transcriptome analysis were used as tools for investigating the cell response to the acetate availability. For global gene expression profiling, a DNA microarray of the complete G. sulfurreducens genome was used. Statistically significant results were obtained from two-color, dye swap hybridizations produced from a total of three biological replicates. Eight technical replicates were tested from two of the biological replicates and six technical replicates were tested from the third biological replicate. Major findings from this study are given as follows. The in silico model successfully predicted a higher TCA-cycle flux (ca. 2-fold) under acetate-excess conditions, suggesting that catabolism of acetate is favored with respect to anabolism, and thus more electrons are available for metal reduction. Transcriptome analyses offered a comprehensive picture of the regulation points subjected to the acetate availability. Under acetate-excess conditions, acetate transporters in the G. sulfurreducens genome were down-regulated. In addition the oxidation-related acetyl-CoA transferase was up-regulated approximately three-fold and the assimilatory-related acetate kinase was down-regulated approximately two-fold, respectively, indicating that the transcriptional regulation of acetate activation may be the key point for coping with the excess of acetate and increasing the TCA flux. The level of transcription for 10 c-type cytochromes was significantly increased in cells cultured with an excess of acetate. OmcS, an outer-membrane cytochrome which actively participates in electron transfer to Fe(III)-oxides and graphite electrodes from fuel cells, showed one of the highest fold increases in transcription. The integration of in silico modeling and genome-wide analysis shows for first time how G. sulffureducens adapts its metabolic flux and transcriptional network for optimizing the use of acetate as an electron donor for exocellular respiration instead of for use as a carbon source for biomass production. Keywords: Geobacter, gene expression, acetate limitation, fumarate limitation
2008-12-09 | GSE9830 | GEO