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Moose genomes reveal past glacial demography and the origin of modern lineages

ABSTRACT: Moose genomes reveal past glacial demography and the origin of modern lineages

PROVIDER: PRJEB40679 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	ERR4659220.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR4659221.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR4659222_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR4659222_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	ERR4659218.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Moose genomes reveal past glacial demography and the origin of modern lineages.

Project description:BackgroundNumerous megafauna species from northern latitudes went extinct during the Pleistocene/Holocene transition as a result of climate-induced habitat changes. However, several ungulate species managed to successfully track their habitats during this period to eventually flourish and recolonise the holarctic regions. So far, the genomic impacts of these climate fluctuations on ungulates from high latitudes have been little explored. Here, we assemble a de-novo genome for the European moose (Alces alces) and analyse it together with re-sequenced nuclear genomes and ancient and modern mitogenomes from across the moose range in Eurasia and North America.ResultsWe found that moose demographic history was greatly influenced by glacial cycles, with demographic responses to the Pleistocene/Holocene transition similar to other temperate ungulates. Our results further support that modern moose lineages trace their origin back to populations that inhabited distinct glacial refugia during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Finally, we found that present day moose in Europe and North America show low to moderate inbreeding levels resulting from post-glacial bottlenecks and founder effects, but no evidence for recent inbreeding resulting from human-induced population declines.ConclusionsTaken together, our results highlight the dynamic recent evolutionary history of the moose and provide an important resource for further genomic studies.

| S-EPMC7709250 | biostudies-literature

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Label-Free Quantification Method for Assessing Sex from Modern and Ancient Bovine Tooth Enamel. PART III

Project description:Identification of the sex of modern, fossil and archaeological animal remains offers many insights into their demography, mortality profiles and domestication pathways. However, due to manifold factors, sex determination of such remains is often impossible. To overcome this, we have developed an innovative protocol to determine an animal sex applying label-free quantification (LFQ) of two unique AmelY peptides ‘LRYPYP’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 404.7212 m/z) and ‘LRYPYPSY’ (AmelY;[M+2]2+ 529.7689 m/z) that are solely present in tooth enamel of males. we applied this method to eight (8) modern cattle (Bos taurus) and (12) twelve archaeological samples of Bos from a Neolithic sites of Beisamoun, Israel (8th–7th millennium BC). Our methodology correctly identified the sex of the modern samples and enabled determination of sex in the archaeological samples.

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