Project description:The present study is expected to reveal differentially expressed genes under drought stress of Sorghum bicolor. The seeds of Sorghum genotype drought tolerant (DT) were grown at 28-32°C day/night temperature with 12/12 h light/dark period in the phytotron glass house. The fully opened uppermost leaves from control and drought stressed seedlings were sampled and stored at -80°C. For RNA-Seq libraries, one microgram of total RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, USA) and mRNA libraries were produced using the TruSeq mRNA-Seq library kit (Illumina) according to manufacturer’s instructions. The libraries generated were quantitated using an Agilent Bioanalyzer DNA 1000 chip. (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and a 2x101 cycle paired end sequencing (sequenced by Sandor Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India) was performed using an Illumina HiScanSQ sequencer (Illumina Inc.). Initially, raw reads were processed by NGSQC toolkit (http://59.163.192.90:8080/ngsqctoolkit/) and high quality reads were subjected to de-novo assembly using Trinity assembler (Patel and Jain, 2012). Assembled transcripts were quantified by standard pipeline (Trinity→RSEM→R→DESeq) and those transcripts were removed which has zero FPKM in all four samples (Anders, 2010; Grabherr, et al., 2011; Li and Dewey, 2011). These transcripts were further processed by transdecoder tool to retrieve full length coding sequence and subsequent annotated by FastAnnotator (http://fastannotator.cgu.edu.tw/index.php) (Chen, et al., 2012). Pathway enrichment analysis was performed for the predicted transcripts by KEGG Automatic Annotation Server (KAAS; www.genome.jp/tools/kaas/) for the classification of spatial and temporally governed pathways.
Project description:To understand the drought responsive mechanisms and the harmful effects of stress, it is necessary to develop drought tolerant genotype. In this study, drought-sensitive and -tolerant fennel genotypes were selected. Using these materials, a gel-free/label-free proteomic technique was performed to identify responsive proteins in fennel leaf under drought stress
Project description:Genome-wide Transcriptional Analysis of Genes Associated with Drought Stress in Gossypium herbaceum root This experiment was designed to investigate the molecular mechanism associated with drought tolerance in root tissue of Gossypium herbaceum. The gene expression profiles of the root tissue using Affymetrix Cotton Genome Array were compared with drought tolerant and drought sensitive genotype of G.herbaceum under drought stress and watered condition. Many genes in various molecular function or biological processes were over- or under-represented between drought tolerant and sensitive genotype, suggesting various molecular mechanism and biochemical pathways are interlinked and tolerant genotype have developed multiple mechanisms as an adaptory behavior against drought stress.
Project description:Drought tolerance is a key trait for increasing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas worldwide. Identification of the genes responsible for drought tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) will facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, and also genetic improvement of barley through marker-assisted selection or gene transformation. To monitor the changes in gene expression at transcription levels in barley leaves during the reproductive stage under drought conditions, the 22K Affymetrix Barley 1 microarray was used to screen two drought-tolerant barley genotypes, Martin and Hordeum spontaneum 41-1 (HS41-1), and one drought-sensitive genotype Moroc9-75. Seventeen genes were expressed exclusively in the two drought-tolerant genotypes under drought stress, and their encoded proteins may play significant roles in enhancing drought tolerance through controlling stomatal closure via carbon metabolism (NADP malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), synthesizing the osmoprotectant glycine-betaine (C-4 sterol methyl oxidase (CSMO), generating protectants against reactive-oxygen-species scavenging (aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), ascorbate-dependant oxidoreductase (ADOR), and stabilizing membranes and proteins (heat-shock protein 17.8 (HSP17.8) and dehydrin 3 (DHN3). Moreover, 17 genes were abundantly expressed in Martin and HS41-1 compared with Moroc9-75 under both drought and control conditions. These genes were likely constitutively expressed in drought-tolerant genotypes. Among them, 7 known annotated genes might enhance drought tolerance through signaling (such as calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and membrane steroid binding protein (MSBP), anti-senescence (G2 pea dark accumulated protein GDA2) and detoxification (glutathione S-transferase (GST) pathways. In addition, 18 genes, including those encoding Δl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), protein phosphatase 2C-like protein (PP2C) and several chaperones, were differentially expressed in all genotypes under drought; thus, they were more likely general drought-responsive genes in barley. These results could provide new insights into further understanding of drought-tolerance mechanisms in barley.
Project description:Background: Drought stress is the major environmental stress that affects plant growth and productivity. It triggers in plants a wide range of responses detectable at different scales: molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. At the molecular level the response to drought stress results in the differential expression of several metabolic pathways. For this reason, explore the subtle differences existing in gene expression of drought sensitive and drought tolerant genotypes allows to identify drought-related genes that could be used for selection of drought tolerance traits. Genome-wide RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the drought response of two sorghum genotypes characterized by contrasting water use efficiency. Results: the physiological measurements carried out confirmed the drought sensitivity of IS20351 and the drought tolerance of IS22330 previously studied. The expression of drought-related genes was more abundant in the sensitive genotype IS20351 compared to the tolerant IS22330. The Gene Ontology enrichment highlighted a massive increase in transcript abundance in “response to stress” and “abiotic stimulus”, “oxidation-reduction reaction” in the sensitive genotype IS20351 under drought stress. “Antioxidant” and “secondary metabolism”, “photosynthesis and carbon fixation process”, “lipids” and “carbon metabolism” were the pathways most affected by drought in the sensitive genotype IS20351. The sensitive genotype IS20351 showed under well-watered conditions a lower constitutive expression level of “secondary metabolic process” (GO:0019748) and “glutathione transferase activity” (GO:000004364). Conclusions: RNA-Seq analysis revealed to be a very useful tool to explore differences between sensitive and tolerant sorghum genotypes. The transcriptomic results supported all the physiological measurements and were crucial to clarify the tolerance of the two genotypes studied. The connection between the differential gene expression and the physiological response to drought states unequivocally the drought tolerance of the genotype IS22330 and the strategy adopted to cope with drought stress.
Project description:Genome-wide Transcriptional Analysis of Genes Associated with Drought Stress in Gossypium herbaceum root This experiment was designed to investigate the molecular mechanism associated with drought tolerance in root tissue of Gossypium herbaceum. The gene expression profiles of the root tissue using Affymetrix Cotton Genome Array were compared with drought tolerant and drought sensitive genotype of G.herbaceum under drought stress and watered condition. Many genes in various molecular function or biological processes were over- or under-represented between drought tolerant and sensitive genotype, suggesting various molecular mechanism and biochemical pathways are interlinked and tolerant genotype have developed multiple mechanisms as an adaptory behavior against drought stress. The transcriptional responses of root tissue in drought tolerant and sensitive genotype of Gossypium herbaceum under drought stress have been investigated. Physiological responses to drought stress, such as stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, root bending assay on different mannitiol concentration were also measured as indicators of imposed drought stress. Total RNA was isolated from root tissue from both genotype under drought stress and normal irrigated condition with three biological replicates
Project description:Plants evolved several acquired tolerance traits for drought stress adaptation to maintain the cellular homeostasis. The combination of constitutive and acquired traits governs drought tolerance, which is crucial for maintaining crop productivity under drought. Drought affects protein synthesis, to uncover the translational landscape with response to drought stress in rice, polysome bound mRNA sequencing at anthesis stage in resistant APO and sensitive IR64 genotypes were performed. Our results demonstrate that drought tolerant genotype maintains higher transcripts bound to poly-ribosomes which facilitate higher protien synthesis which impacted on photosynthesis, spikelet fertility, seed filing and yield under drought stress. We identified many novel LncRNAs and relevant genes associated with translation which can play important role in manitaing grain protein content with drought tolerance.
Project description:In this study genome-wide gene expression profiling was used to analyze mechanisms of drought tolerance in Brassica rapa. Using an Illumina Mi-Seq platform we sequenced RNA from shoot tissues of drought tolerant and drought sensitive B. rapa genotypes in control conditions and after application of osmotic stress. Differentially expressed genes between the different conditions and genotypes were used to identify drought relevant gene networks.
Project description:Drought tolerance is a key trait for increasing and stabilizing barley productivity in dry areas worldwide. Identification of the genes responsible for drought tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) will facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance, and also genetic improvement of barley through marker-assisted selection or gene transformation. To monitor the changes in gene expression at transcription levels in barley leaves during the reproductive stage under drought conditions, the 22K Affymetrix Barley 1 microarray was used to screen two drought-tolerant barley genotypes, Martin and Hordeum spontaneum 41-1 (HS41-1), and one drought-sensitive genotype Moroc9-75. Seventeen genes were expressed exclusively in the two drought-tolerant genotypes under drought stress, and their encoded proteins may play significant roles in enhancing drought tolerance through controlling stomatal closure via carbon metabolism (NADP malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), synthesizing the osmoprotectant glycine-betaine (C-4 sterol methyl oxidase (CSMO), generating protectants against reactive-oxygen-species scavenging (aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), ascorbate-dependant oxidoreductase (ADOR), and stabilizing membranes and proteins (heat-shock protein 17.8 (HSP17.8) and dehydrin 3 (DHN3). Moreover, 17 genes were abundantly expressed in Martin and HS41-1 compared with Moroc9-75 under both drought and control conditions. These genes were likely constitutively expressed in drought-tolerant genotypes. Among them, 7 known annotated genes might enhance drought tolerance through signaling (such as calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and membrane steroid binding protein (MSBP), anti-senescence (G2 pea dark accumulated protein GDA2) and detoxification (glutathione S-transferase (GST) pathways. In addition, 18 genes, including those encoding Δl-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), protein phosphatase 2C-like protein (PP2C) and several chaperones, were differentially expressed in all genotypes under drought; thus, they were more likely general drought-responsive genes in barley. These results could provide new insights into further understanding of drought-tolerance mechanisms in barley. Seven flag leaves of a replication for each genotype were harvested at 0 d, 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after reach 10% of AWC in the soil to constitute a single biological replicate. These flag leaves were employed for RNA isolation by using Trizol reagent following the manufacturer’s protocol (Invitrogen, Karlsruhe, Germany). The RNA was further purified using RNeasy Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). RNA yield and quality were determined by using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Techologies, Boblingen, Germany). A table of the average, log2 RMA signal intensity values of three biological replicates for each Sample is linked below as a supplementary file.
Project description:In many potato cultivation regions, production is constrained by abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperatures which are often present in combination. We aimed to identify key mechanisms and processes underlying single and combined abiotic stress tolerance by a comparative analysis of tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Physiological data supported cultivars Desiree and Unica as being abiotic stress tolerant, while Agria and Russett Burbank were stress susceptible. This was indicated by the stronger impact of abiotic stress on photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the susceptible cultivars. Similarly, susceptible cultivars exhibited a lower leaf transpiration rate following stress, particularly combined heat and drought stress. Transcript profiles using microarrays were highly divergent both between genotypes and following the application of stress treatments. However, relatively few transcripts or metabolites exhibited genotype specific responses to abiotic stress treatment. Furthermore, apart from a decrease in the abundance of transcripts associated with PSII, particularly the light harvesting complex in both Desiree and Unica, there were very few changes that were consistent across stress susceptible or stress tolerant genotypes following stress treatment.