Project description:In Drosophila melanogaster larvae the ring gland is a control center that orchestrates major developmental transitions. It is a composite organ, consisting of the prothoracic gland, the corpus allatum and the corpora cardiaca, each of which synthesizes and secretes a different hormone. Until now, the ring gland’s broader developmental roles beyond endocrine secretion have not been explored. RNA sequencing and analysis of a new transcriptome resource from D. melanogaster wandering third instar larval ring glands has provided a fascinating insight into the diversity of developmental signalling in this organ. We have found strong enrichment of expression of two gene pathways not previously associated with the ring gland: immune response and fatty acid metabolism. We have also uncovered strong expression for many uncharacterized genes. Additionally, RNA interference against ring gland-enriched cytochrome p450s Cyp6u1 and Cyp6g2 produced a lethal ecdysone deficiency and a juvenile hormone deficiency respectively, flagging a critical role for these genes in hormone synthesis. This transcriptome provides a valuable new resource for investigation of roles played by the ring gland in governing insect development.
Project description:Samples 1-8: Tissue-specific RNA sequencing (Illumina) using dissected ring glands isolated from TWO different time points of control (phm>w1118) third instar larvae. Time points are: light phase zt0-4 (which corresponde to 2-4 hours from second to third instar larvae molt); and dark phase zt18-22 (which corresponde to 16-20 hours from second to third instar larvae molt) Samples 9-32: Tissue-specific gene expression (RNA seq Illumina) using dissected ring glands isolated from TWO different time points of third instar larvae. Genotypes were Timeless-RNAi (phm>tim-RNAi), Period-RNAi (phm>per-RNAi), UAS-TimcDNA (phm>UAS-Tim) and UAS-TimcDNA;UAS-PercDNA (phm>UAS-TimcDNA;UAS-PercDNA). Goal was to identify circadin pathway dependent gene sets in the ring gland. Time points were 2-4 hours and 18-20 hours after L2-L3 molt.
Project description:kdm5 is an essential gene in Drosophila that has critical developmental roles in the prothoracic gland cells of the larval ring gland. We performed a bulk transcriptome analysis of the larval ring gland in w[1118] (wild type) and kdm5[140] (null mutant) in order to identify genes in the prothoracic gland involved in the lethality of kdm5 null mutants. We found that the absence of kdm5 causes dysregulation of genes involved in various metabolic pathways. In particular, genes both bound by KDM5 and differentially expressed in this cell type are involved in regulation of mitochondrial biology and autophagy.
Project description:kdm5 is an essential gene in Drosophila that has critical developmental roles in the prothoracic gland cells of the larval ring gland. To profile KDM5 binding within these cells and this developmental stage, we performed Targeted DamID (TaDa). By profiling the nearest genes to significant TaDa peaks (FDR < 0.01), we identified 5815 candidate KDM5 target genes. Interestingly, 42% of these candidate KDM5 target genes appear to be conserved across multiple cellular contexts in Drosophila and span many cellular processes for future investigation.
Project description:In Drosophila, insufficient biosynthesis of phosphatidylserine induced significant mitochondrial defects.Proteomic analysis of samples from drosophila salivary glands, we compared three genotypes, ppl-gal4 drived RNAi against w, pss and pss plus bbc.
Project description:Samples 1-24: Tissue-specific gene expression microarrays (Nimblegen) using dissected ring glands isolated from FOUR different time points of control (w1118, otherwise wild type) third instar larvae. Time points are 4, 8, 24 and 36 hours after the molt from second to third instar larvae. Samples 25-42: Tissue-specific gene expression microarrays (Nimblegen) using dissected ring glands isolated from TWO different time points of third instar larvae. Genotypes were phantom22-GAL4/RasV12 and phantom22/Torso-RNAi. Goal was to identify PTTH-dependent gene sets in the ring gland. Time points were 18 hours and 8 hours prior to puparium formation.
Project description:We developed a Transcriptomic Analysis Pipeline (TAP) as a flexible workflow for comprehensive transcriptome analysis from any species with a reference genome. We tested TAP in a case study to compare polyA+ and rRNA-depletion RNA-seq library protocols using Drosophila melanogaster following different thermal stress temperatures. TAP provides a flexible and complete pipeline to enable researchers to extract more biologically relevant interpretations by integrated and interactive transcriptome analysis.
Project description:Verson’s glands are segmental pairs of dermal glands attached to the epidermis in lepidopteran larvae. They produce macromolecules during intermolt period and empty them during each molt. Morphological, histochemical, developmental, and protein analysis studies have been conducted to determine the functions of Verson’s glands. However, the exact role of Verson’s glands remains unclear. In our previous study, a strain of transgenic fall armyworm, Spdoptera frugiperda expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) and Systemic RNA interference defective protein 1 (SID-1) from Caenorhabditis elegans was established to improve RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency. Unexpectedly, we found that GFP fluorescence was significantly brighter in Verson’s glands than in other tissues. Also, RNAi efficiency improved more in Verson’s glands than in other tissues. We took advantage of improved RNAi efficiency to explore the function of Verson’s glands. RNA-seq analysis revealed that genes highly expressed in Verson’s glands code for cuticular proteins, molting fluid proteins, hemolymph proteins, and antimicrobial peptides. Injection of dsRNA targeting essential genes interfered with Verson’s glands growth. These studies revealed that Verson’s glands contribute to hemolymph, cuticle, molting fluid, and immune response during molting. These studies also provide useful tools for future research in identifying the physiological role of Verson’s glands in lepidopteran insects.
Project description:Comparisons between the salivary glands upon the RNAi of sage gene vs. the control. Keywords = Drosophila, ecdysone, network, genomic, microarray, organogenesis, EcR, midgut, central nervous system, salivary gland, epidermis, imaginal disc, development Keywords: other