Interplay between CTCF-binding and CTCF-lacking regulatory elements in generating an architectural stripe at the Igh locus
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA1180097 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
Dataset's files
| Action | DRS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRR31174445_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31174445_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31174446_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31174446_2.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz | |||
| SRR31174447_1.fastq.gz | Fastqsanger.gz |
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Project description:Three-dimensional genome organization orchestrates recombination and transcription of immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) genes. The structure of wild type (WT) alleles includes a prominent architectural stripe that extends from a cluster of CTCF binding elements at the 3’ end of the locus (3’CBE), suggesting interactions of this end with sequences throughout the 2Mb Igh TAD. Here we elucidate interplay between regulatory elements located in the 3’Igh domain (260 kb) that impact the stripe. The CTCF-lacking intronic enhancer, Eì, promotes stripe formation and tethers sub-TADs between flanking CTCF-bound 3’CBE and IGCR1. Substituting Eì with an EF1á promoter in different orientations partially recapitulates epigenetic features of WT Igh alleles, including active histone modifications, sub-TAD formation and interactions with the 3’CBE, but does not restore VDJ recombination. Loss of IGCR1 increases the stripe while inverting the 3’CBE redirects the stripe away from the Igh locus. However, inverted 3’CBE continue to serve as a boundary against aberrant activation of genes outside the Igh domain by Eì. Our observations provide insights into mechanisms by which regulatory elements modulate chromatin structure and stripe formation.
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Project description:Enhancer clusters overlapping disease-associated mutations in Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) patients regulate SOX9 expression at genomic distances over 1.25 Mb. We applied optical reconstruction of chromatin architecture (ORCA) imaging to trace 3D locus topology during PRS-enhancer activation. We observed pronounced changes in locus topology between cell types. Subsequent analysis of single-chromatin fiber traces revealed that these ensemble-average differences arise through changes in the frequency of commonly sampled topologies. We further identified two CTCF-bound elements, internal to the SOX9 topologically associating domain, which promote stripe formation, are positioned near the domain's 3D geometric center, and bridge enhancer-promoter contacts in a series of chromatin loops. Ablation of these elements results in diminished SOX9 expression and altered domain-wide contacts. Polymer models with uniform loading across the domain and frequent cohesin collisions recapitulate this multi-loop, centrally clustered geometry. Together, we provide mechanistic insights into architectural stripe formation and gene regulation over ultra-long genomic ranges.
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Project description:Our studies have revealed that a large class of CTCF binding sites – namely the upstream sites – conform neither to a conformational nor a local recombinase activating role. Their conserved spatial distances upstream of V gene segments suggests a possible role in insulating V gene segments from neighboring V gene segments. In any case, understanding the sequence determinants of CTCF binding to the murine IgH locus should facilitate future studies evaluating how IgH locus accessibility regulates CTCF binding as well as the functions that CTCF plays in regulating the recombinational accessibility of VH gene segments during B cell development.
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Project description:VH-DJH recombination of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (Igh) locus is temporally and spatially controlled during early B-cell development, and yet no regulatory elements other than the VH gene promoters have been identified throughout the entire 2.5-Mb VH gene cluster. Here we discovered novel regulatory sequences that are interspersed in the distal VH gene region. These conserved repeat elements were characterized by the presence of Pax5-dependent active chromatin, the binding of Pax5, E2A, CTCF and Rad21 as well as by Pax5-dependent antisense transcription in pro-B cells. The Pax5-activated intergenic repeat (PAIR) elements were no longer bound by Pax5 in pre-B and B cells consistent with the loss of antisense transcription, whereas E2A and CTCF interacted with PAIR elements throughout early B-cell development. The pro-B-cell-specific and Pax5-dependent activity of the PAIR elements suggests that they are involved in the regulation of distal VH-DJH recombination at the Igh locus. Analysis of chromatin and TF binding in rag2-/- and wt pro-B, DP T and Mature B cells. Chip-Seq of CTCF and Rad21. The provided data is in mm8 coordinates.
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Project description:Here we study the effect of balanced chromosomal rearrangements (BCRs) on gene expression in vivo in mouse embryos by generating a series of genomic inversions that place an active enhancer cluster located in the Epha4 regulatory domain at different positions within a neighboring gene dense region. Expression studies in embryonic limb buds show that the inverted enhancer cluster was able to activate several genes downstream of its new position, resulting in gene misexpression and limb phenotypes. Capture Hi-C from mutant limb buds showed that the activated genes were located within a region of asymmetric three-dimensional contacts, so called architectural stripes. Deletion of the CTCF binding site at that position of the stripe anchor resulted in a collapse of the stripes, down regulation of ectopic gene expression, and a rescue of the skeletal phenotype. In cells in which the enhancers are not active, such as mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), stripes do not form, indicating that their formation is also dependent on enhancer activity. Based on HiC from limb buds we show that architectural stripes are a frequent feature in the genome often associated with developmentally active enhancers. Thus, BCRs can induce ectopic gene expression via the formation of asymmetric chromatin contacts. The formation of these stripes is dependent on CTCF anchors and enhancer activity.
2018-11-19 | GSE116792 | GEO
Project description:Here we study the effect of balanced chromosomal rearrangements (BCRs) on gene expression in vivo in mouse embryos by generating a series of genomic inversions that place an active enhancer cluster located in the Epha4 regulatory domain at different positions within a neighboring gene dense region. Expression studies in embryonic limb buds show that the inverted enhancer cluster was able to activate several genes downstream of its new position, resulting in gene misexpression and limb phenotypes. Capture Hi-C from mutant limb buds showed that the activated genes were located within a region of asymmetric three-dimensional contacts, so called architectural stripes. Deletion of the CTCF binding site at that position of the stripe anchor resulted in a collapse of the stripes, down regulation of ectopic gene expression, and a rescue of the skeletal phenotype. In cells in which the enhancers are not active, such as mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), stripes do not form, indicating that their formation is also dependent on enhancer activity. Based on HiC from limb buds we show that architectural stripes are a frequent feature in the genome often associated with developmentally active enhancers. Thus, BCRs can induce ectopic gene expression via the formation of asymmetric chromatin contacts. The formation of these stripes is dependent on CTCF anchors and enhancer activity.
2018-11-19 | GSE116791 | GEO
Project description:Here we study the effect of balanced chromosomal rearrangements (BCRs) on gene expression in vivo in mouse embryos by generating a series of genomic inversions that place an active enhancer cluster located in the Epha4 regulatory domain at different positions within a neighboring gene dense region. Expression studies in embryonic limb buds show that the inverted enhancer cluster was able to activate several genes downstream of its new position, resulting in gene misexpression and limb phenotypes. Capture Hi-C from mutant limb buds showed that the activated genes were located within a region of asymmetric three-dimensional contacts, so called architectural stripes. Deletion of the CTCF binding site at that position of the stripe anchor resulted in a collapse of the stripes, down regulation of ectopic gene expression, and a rescue of the skeletal phenotype. In cells in which the enhancers are not active, such as mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), stripes do not form, indicating that their formation is also dependent on enhancer activity. Based on HiC from limb buds we show that architectural stripes are a frequent feature in the genome often associated with developmentally active enhancers. Thus, BCRs can induce ectopic gene expression via the formation of asymmetric chromatin contacts. The formation of these stripes is dependent on CTCF anchors and enhancer activity.
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Project description:The transcription factor CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) modulates pleiotropic functions mostly related to gene expression regulation. The role of CTCF in large scale genome organization is also well established. A unifying model to explain relationships between many CTCF-mediated activities involve direct or indirect interactions with numerous protein cofactors recruited to specific binding sites. The co-association of CTCF with other architectural proteins such as cohesin, chromodomain helicases and BRG1 further support the interplay between master regulators of mammalian genome folding. Here we report a comprehensive LC-MS/MS mapping of the components of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex co-associated with CTCF including subunits belonging to the core, signature and ATPase modules. We further show that the localization patterns of representative SWI/SNF members significantly overlap with CTCF sites on transcriptionally active chromatin regions. Moreover, we provide evidence of a direct binding of the BRK-BRG1 domain to the zinc finger motifs 4-8 of CTCF, thus suggesting that these domains mediate the interaction of CTCF with the SWI/SNF complex. These findings provide an updated view of the cooperative nature between CTCF and the SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes, an important step for understanding how these architectural proteins collaborate to shape the genome.
2021-09-09 | PXD022037 | Pride
Project description:VH-DJH recombination of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (Igh) locus is temporally and spatially controlled during early B-cell development, and yet no regulatory elements other than the VH gene promoters have been identified throughout the entire 2.5-Mb VH gene cluster. Here we discovered novel regulatory sequences that are interspersed in the distal VH gene region. These conserved repeat elements were characterized by the presence of Pax5-dependent active chromatin, the binding of Pax5, E2A, CTCF and Rad21 as well as by Pax5-dependent antisense transcription in pro-B cells. The Pax5-activated intergenic repeat (PAIR) elements were no longer bound by Pax5 in pre-B and B cells consistent with the loss of antisense transcription, whereas E2A and CTCF interacted with PAIR elements throughout early B-cell development. The pro-B-cell-specific and Pax5-dependent activity of the PAIR elements suggests that they are involved in the regulation of distal VH-DJH recombination at the Igh locus. Analysis of chromatin and TF binding in rag2-/- and pax5-/- rag2-/- pro-B cells. Chip-Chip with one experiment for each antibody, 12 samples.
2011-02-11 | E-GEOD-27074 | biostudies-arrayexpress