Project description:Characterizing the initial stages of oncogenic transformation in bladder cancer. Littermate male mice were transferred in single-use plastic cages in order to be treated with the BBN carcinogen. The treatment dose used in this work was 0.05% BBN delivered in drinking water for up to 12 days. Bladder samples were collected at day 1, 4, 8 and 12 from treated mice along with the age-matched controls (non-treated). The drinking water was changed every fourth day. The weights of the mice and BBN water intake were measured every four days and mice were checked regularly for any signs of discomfort and pain.
Project description:We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in the fetal lung late in gestation, from mothers that had been fed normal chow, high fibre, or acetate in the drinking water. The experiment was designed to examine the hypothesis that metabolites of the mother i.e. acetate could cross the placenta and influence gene transcription in the fetus. Diets used were "Normal chow" (NC) (8720310), or "High-fiber" (SF11-025) (Specialty feeds, Perth, Australia. Acetate (200 mM) was provided in the drinking water and refreshed three times per week.
Project description:Perfluoroalkyl acid carboxylates and sulfonates (PFAAs) have many consumer and industrial applications. The persistence and widespread distribution of these compounds in humans have brought them under intense scrutiny. Limited pharmacokinetic data is available in humans; however, human data exists for two communities with drinking water contaminated by PFAAs. Also, there is toxicological and pharmacokinetic data for monkeys, which can be quite useful for cross-species extrapolation to humans. The goal of this research was to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for PFOA and PFOS for monkeys and then scale this model to humans in order to describe available human drinking water data. The monkey model simulations were consistent with available PK data for monkeys. The monkey model was then extrapolated to the human and then used to successfully simulate the data collected from residents of two communities exposed to PFOA in drinking water. Human PFOS data is minimal; however, using the half-life estimated from occupational exposure, our model exhibits reasonable agreement with the available human serum PFOS data. It is envisioned that our PBPK model will be useful in supporting human health risk assessments for PFOA and PFOS by aiding in understanding of human pharmacokinetics.
Model is encoded by Ruby and submitted to BioModels by Ahmad Zyoud
Project description:Liver RNA samples from C57BL6 mice drinking Hydrogen water for 4 weeks We used microarrays to detail the gene expression after drinking hydrogen water.
Project description:We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression in the fetal lung late in gestation, from mothers that had been fed normal chow, high fibre, or acetate in the drinking water. The experiment was designed to examine the hypothesis that metabolites of the mother i.e. acetate could cross the placenta and influence gene transcription in the fetus. Diets used were "Normal chow" (NC) (8720310), or "High-fiber" (SF11-025) (Specialty feeds, Perth, Australia. Acetate (200 mM) was provided in the drinking water and refreshed three times per week. Gene expression in the lung may be affected by metabolites in utero. We examined whole lung of E21 fetuses from high-fiber fed mothers, normal chow fed mothers and acetate in drinking water fed mothers. Added fibre in the diet, or acetate in drinking water, would allow simple comparison with normal chow fed mothers, to determine whether fibre/acetate affected gene transcription in the fetal lung.
Project description:Understanding plastics’ harmful impacts has been hampered by the application of overly simplistic tools, mostly focusing on a single response variable which limits our ability to detect changes in wildlife health. Adopting a data-driven, proteomics approach, we assessed changes in 745 proteins in a non-model organism with differing levels of plastic exposure. In high plastic impacted seabirds, we observed a range of negative health consequences: intracellular components that should not be found in the blood were frequently detected, indicative of cell lysis. There was significant evidence of neurodegeneration, and secreted proteins were less abundant, indicating the kidney and particularly the liver are not functioning as normal. The proteomic signatures reflect the effects of plastic distal to the site of exposure (i.e., the stomach) demonstrating plastic shedding and leachate toxicity in the plasma. Notably, metrics commonly used to assess body condition do not provide an accurate description of health or plastic impaction.