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The phosphatase regulator NIPP1 controls epidermal homeostasis

ABSTRACT: The phosphatase regulator NIPP1 controls epidermal homeostasis

PROVIDER: PRJNA480394 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR7503300.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7503301.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7503302.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7503303.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR7503304.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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The phosphatase regulator NIPP1 controls epidermal homeostasis

Project description:To delineate the in vivo function of NIPP1 in epidermal homeostasis, we generated skin-specific NIPP1 knockout (SKO) mice where NIPP1 is conditionally removed from keratinocytes. To gain unbiased insight into the molecular mechanism that underlies the hyperproliferation phenotype, we performed RNA-seq of the isolated epidermis of control (CTR) and SKO mice.

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Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1 regulates keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal homeostasis

Project description:Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid whose levels are tightly regulated by its synthesis and degradation. Intracellularly, S1P is dephosphoryled by the actions of two S1P-specific phosphatases, sphingosine 1-phosphate phosphatase 1 and 2. To identify the physiologic functions of S1P phosphatase 1, we have studied mice with its gene, Sgpp1, deleted. Sgpp1-/- mice appeared normal at birth but during the first week of life, they exhibited stunted growth, suffered desquamation, and most died before weaning. Interestingly, the epidermal permeability barrier developed normally during embryogenesis. Sgpp1 -/- pups and surviving adults exhibited epidermal hyperplasia and abnormal expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers. Keratinocytes isolated from Sgpp1 -/- skin had increased intracellular S1P levels, and expressed a gene expression profile that indicated enhanced differentiation. The results reveal S1P metabolism as a regulator of keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal homeostasis. Comparison of KO vs. WT with five replications per treatment sample

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Protein phosphatase PP1-NIPP1 activates mesenchymal genes in HeLa cells

Project description:The deletion of the protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) regulator NIPP1 is embryonic lethal during gastrulation, hinting at a key role of PP1-NIPP1 in lineage specification. Consistent with this notion we show here that a mild, stable overexpression of NIPP1 in HeLa cells caused a massive induction of genes of the mesenchymal lineage, in particular smooth/cardiac-muscle and matrix markers. This reprogramming was associated with the formation of actin-based stress fibers and retracting filopodia, and a reduced proliferation potential. The NIPP1-induced mesenchymal transition required functional substrate and PP1-binding domains, suggesting that it involves the selective dephosphorylation of substrates of PP1-NIPP1. In total 16 samples were processed. Four different cell lines were analysed: HTO_parental, HTO_NIPP1wt, HTO_NIPP1m (= alias NIPP1-Pm) and HTO_NIPP1-Pa. For each cell line 4 replicates were obtained. The HTO_parental cell line is the control cell line. For the HTO_NIPP1wt and the HTO_NIPP1-Pa the 4 replicates were obtained from two replicates of two different transgenic cell lines expressing FlagNIPP1wt (cell line wt n°1 and 2) and FlagNIPP1-Pa (cell line n°1 and 2), respectively. Each cell line was derived from the same parental control cell line.

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CACYBP is required for epidermal homeostasis

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Project description:Epidermal homeostasis depends on a balance between stem cell renewal and terminal differentiation. The transition between the two cell states, termed commitment, is poorly understood. Here we characterise commitment by integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data from disaggregated primary human keratinocytes held in suspension to induce differentiation. Cell detachment induces several protein phosphatases, five of which - DUSP6, PPTC7, PTPN1, PTPN13 and PPP3CA – promote differentiation by negatively regulating ERK MAPK and positively regulating AP1 transcription factors. Conversely, DUSP10 expression antagonises commitment. The phosphatases form a dynamic network of transient positive and negative interactions that change over time, with DUSP6 predominating at commitment. Boolean network modelling identifies a mandatory switch between two stable states (stem and differentiated) via an unstable (committed) state. Phosphatase expression is also spatially regulated in vivo and in vitro. We conclude that an auto-regulatory phosphatase network maintains epidermal homeostasis by controlling the onset and duration of commitment.

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