Project description:We used RNA-Seq to assess how the presence/absence of the RD2 pathogenicity island influences global gene expression in a serotype M28 GAS isolate following exposure to human plasma for 15 mins and for 60 mins
Project description:The fasX gene encodes a small regulatory RNA in the group A Streptococcus (GAS). To determine the FasX regulon during GAS exposure to human plasma we compared parental strain MGAS2221 with isogenic fasX mutant strain 2221ΔFasX. Gene expression was analyzed 0, 15, and 60 minutes post-plasma exposure. GAS strains were grown in THY broth to mid-exponential phase, corresponding to an O.D.600 of 0.5. Two 16ml aliquots of each GAS culture were pelleted by centrifugation and the supernatant removed. Each GAS cell pellet was resuspended in 16ml of pre-warmed human plasma. Thus, four GAS-plasma suspensions were created, two each for each of the GAS strains, with one of the two using plasma from person A, and the other two using plasma from person B. Aliquots were recovered from each of the four GAS-plasma suspensions at T = 0, 15, and 60 mins. For the first two time-points 4.5ml of GAS-plasma suspension were added to 9ml of RNAprotect (Qiagen Inc.). For the final time-point, 4ml was added to 8ml of RNAprotect. Following addition of RNAprotect, samples were incubated at room temperature for 5 mins before centrifuging. Supernatant was removed and the pellets quick frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 °C until ready to use. RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and use of our custom Affymetrix microarray was as previously described (Perez et al., 2009)
Project description:The fasX gene encodes a small regulatory RNA in the group A Streptococcus (GAS). To determine the FasX regulon during GAS exposure to human plasma we compared parental strain MGAS2221 with isogenic fasX mutant strain 2221ΔFasX. Gene expression was analyzed 0, 15, and 60 minutes post-plasma exposure.
Project description:Aims: To investigate the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus cereus vegetative cells upon exposure to low-temperature nitrogen gas plasma and to reveal the mode of inactivation by transcriptome profiling. Methods and results: Exponentially growing B. cereus cells were filtered and put on agar plates. The plates, carrying the filters with the vegetative cells, were placed into nitrogen gas plasma at atmospheric pressure and cold temperature (~37°C). After different exposure times the cells were harvested for RNA extraction and enumeration. The RNA was used to perform whole transcriptome profiling using DNA microarrays. The transcriptome profile showed a large overlap with profiles obtained from conditions generating reactive oxygen species inside B. cereus. However, excess radicals such as peroxynitrite, hydroxyl and or superoxide were not found. Conclusions: Antibacterial activity of nitrogen gas plasmas is not based on UV radiation but on the formation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species in the plasma jet rather than inside the targeted cells. Significance and impact of the study: This study represents the first investigation of differential gene expression on a genome-wide scale in B. cereus following nitrogen gas plasma exposure. This study may help to design cheap, safe, and effective plasma decontamination devices. Plasma treated sampes compared with nitrogen gas flow treated samples and plasma treated samples compared to untreated control samples. Nitrogen flow samples in duplicate, plasma treated samples 4 replicates. Replicates hybridized with dyes swapped.
Project description:Aims: To investigate the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus cereus vegetative cells upon exposure to low-temperature nitrogen gas plasma and to reveal the mode of inactivation by transcriptome profiling. Methods and results: Exponentially growing B. cereus cells were filtered and put on agar plates. The plates, carrying the filters with the vegetative cells, were placed into nitrogen gas plasma at atmospheric pressure and cold temperature (~37°C). After different exposure times the cells were harvested for RNA extraction and enumeration. The RNA was used to perform whole transcriptome profiling using DNA microarrays. The transcriptome profile showed a large overlap with profiles obtained from conditions generating reactive oxygen species inside B. cereus. However, excess radicals such as peroxynitrite, hydroxyl and or superoxide were not found. Conclusions: Antibacterial activity of nitrogen gas plasmas is not based on UV radiation but on the formation of reactive oxygen or nitrogen species in the plasma jet rather than inside the targeted cells. Significance and impact of the study: This study represents the first investigation of differential gene expression on a genome-wide scale in B. cereus following nitrogen gas plasma exposure. This study may help to design cheap, safe, and effective plasma decontamination devices.
Project description:We have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling to identify genes that are differentially expressed after a single gas plasma exposure in two different head and neck cancer cell lines. Additionally, we aimed to identify genes correlating with cellular adaptation upon repetitive oxidative stress wherefore two different head and neck cancer celllines were exposed to gas plasma weekly in eight treatment cycles.
Project description:Gas plasma treatment caused polymerization of the SaClpP proteins and loss of protein function due to the oxidative modifications induced by reactive oxygen species of the gas plasma.
Project description:Plasma derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical mediators of complications following traumatic injuries and after exposure to radiation. In response to injury, the cargo of these EVs is altered and can contain potent cargo that can influence cell function, including alterations in miRNA cargo. Here, we utilized NanoString's mouse miRNA panel to compare the alterations in miRNA content following exposure to 2 or 9 Gys of whole-body irradiation isolated 3 days after exposure and compared these changes to sham mice.
Project description:Gas plasma is an approved technology that generates a plethora of reactive oxygen species, which are actively applied for chronic wound healing. Its particular antimicrobial action has spurred interest in other medical fields, such as periodontitis in dentistry. Recent work has indicated the possibility of performing gas plasma-mediated biofilm removal on teeth. Teeth frequently contain restoration materials for filling cavities, e.g., resin-based composites. However, it is unknown if such materials are altered upon gas plasma exposure. To this end, we generated a new in-house workflow for three commonly used resin-based composites following gas plasma treatment and incubated the material with human HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro. Cytotoxicity was investigated by metabolic activity analysis, flow cytometry, and quantitative high-content fluorescence imaging. The inflammatory consequences were assessed using quantitative analysis of 13 different chemokines and cytokines in the culture supernatants. Hydrogen peroxide served as the control condition. A modest but significant cytotoxic effect was observed in the metabolic activity and viability after plasma treatment for all three composites. This was only partially treatment time-dependent and the composites alone affected the cells to some extent, as evident by differential secretion profiles of VEGF, for example. Gas plasma composite modification markedly elevated the secretion of IL6, IL8, IL18, and CCL2, with the latter showing the highest correlation with treatment time (Pearson's r > 0.95). Cell culture media incubated with gas plasma-treated composite chips and added to cells thereafter could not replicate the effects, pointing to the potential that surface modifications elicited the findings. In conclusion, our data suggest that gas plasma treatment modifies composite material surfaces to a certain extent, leading to measurable but overall modest biological effects.
Project description:GAS strains were grown in THY broth to early exponential phase and RNA extracted. cDNA was generated and the expression profiles were determined using the RMLgenechip. Comparisons between the sample groups allow the identification of genes differentially expressed between strains. This experiment compared pre- and post- mouse passaged GAS strains. Keywords: GAS comparison