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Induction of meiosis by embryonic gonadal somatic cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells

ABSTRACT: Induction of meiosis by embryonic gonadal somatic cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells

PROVIDER: PRJNA752274 | ENA |

REPOSITORIES: ENA

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			Action	DRS
	SRR15347500_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15347500_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15347501_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15347501_2.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz
	SRR15347502_1.fastq.gz	Fastqsanger.gz

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Induction of meiosis by embryonic gonadal somatic cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells.

Project description:BackgroundDepletion of oocytes leads to ovarian aging-associated infertility, endocrine disruption and related diseases. Excitingly, unlimited oocytes can be generated by differentiation of primordial germ cell like cells (PGCLCs) from pluripotent stem cells. Nevertheless, development of oocytes and follicles from PGCLCs relies on developmentally matched gonadal somatic cells, only available from E12.5 embryos in mice. It is therefore imperative to achieve an in vitro source of E12.5 gonadal somatic cells.MethodsWe explored to identify small molecules, which can induce female embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into gonadal somatic cell like cells.ResultsUsing RNA-sequencing, we identified signaling pathways highly upregulated in E12.5_gonadal somatic cells (E12.5_GSCs). Through searching for the activators of these pathways, we identified small-molecule compounds Vitamin C (Vc) and AM580 in combination (V580) for inducing differentiation of female embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into E12.5_GSC-like cells (E12.5_GSCLCs). After V580 treatment for 6 days and sorted by a surface marker CD63, the cell population yielded a transcriptome profile similar to that of E12.5_GSCs, which promoted meiosis progression and folliculogenesis of primordial germ cells. This approach will contribute to the study of germ cell and follicle development and oocyte production and have implications in potentially treating female infertility.ConclusionESCs can be induced into embryonic gonadal somatic cell like cells by small molecules.

| S-EPMC8686525 | biostudies-literature

Induction of meiosis by embryonic gonadal somatic cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells

Project description:ESCs of bulk RNA-Seq were harvested and total RNA extracted using Qiagen RNeasy Mini kit, according to the manufacturers’ instruction, including a DNAse digestion. Single-cell library was prepared using smart-seq2 or the 10 × Genomics Chromium Single Cell 3′ Library and Gel Bead Kit v2 according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

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Transcriptome analysis of medaka germ cells and gonadal somatic cells during the gonadal sex differentiation.

Project description:Microarray analysis was performed using germ cells and gonadal somatic cells isolated by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) from XX and XY embryos at st.33 and st.35.

2014-08-31 | GSE59521 | GEO

Transcriptome analysis of medaka germ cells and gonadal somatic cells during the gonadal sex differentiation.

Project description:Microarray analysis was performed using germ cells and gonadal somatic cells isolated by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) from XX and XY embryos at st.33 and st.35. Medaka germ cells (olvas-EGFP) and somatic cells (sox9b-DsRed) were isolated by FACS. The microarray experiments were done using three independent biological replicates.

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Project description:An in vitro model of human meiosis would accelerate research into this important reproductive process and development of therapies for infertility. We have developed a method to induce meiosis starting from male or female human pluripotent stem cells. We demonstrate that DNMT1 inhibition, retinoid signaling activation, and overexpression of regulatory factors (anti-apoptotic BCL2, and pro-meiotic HOXB5, BOLL, or MEIOC) rapidly activates meiosis, with leptonema beginning at 6 days, zygonema at 9 days, and pachynema at 12 days. Immunofluorescence microscopy shows key aspects of meiosis, including chromosome synapsis and sex body formation. The meiotic cells express genes similar to meiotic oogonia in vivo, including all synaptonemal complex components and machinery for meiotic recombination. These findings establish an accessible system for inducing human meiosis in vitro.

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Induction of meiosis from human pluripotent stem cells

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H3K27me3 ChIP-seq experiment in fruitfly testis somatic gonadal cells

Project description:In many metazoans, germ cells are separated from somatic lineages early in development and maintain their identity throughout life. Here we show that a Polycomb group (PcG) component, Enhancer of Zeste [E(z)] H3K27me3-specific methyltransferase, maintains germline identity in Drosophila adult testes. We find excessive early-stage somatic gonadal cells in E(z) mutant testes, which originate from both over-proliferative cyst stem cells and germ cells turning on an early-stage somatic cell marker. Using complementary lineage-tracing experiments in E(z) mutant testes, a portion of excessive early-stage somatic gonadal cells are found to derive from early-stage germ cells, including germline stem cells. Interestingly, knocking down E(z) specifically in somatic cells caused this germline-to-soma change, suggesting a non-cell autonomous role of E(z) to antagonize somatic identity in germ cells.

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Gene expression profile in isolated E13 gonadal somatic support cells and E13 gonads.

Project description:Gonadal sex determining (GSD) genes that initiate fetal ovarian and testicular development and differentiation are expressed in the cells of the urogenital ridge that differentiate as somatic support cells (SSCs), i.e., granulosa cells of the ovary and Sertoli cells of the testis. To identify potential new mammalian GSD genes, we analyzed the gene expression differences between XX and XY SSCs cells isolated from the gonads of embryonic day (E) 13 mouse fetuses carrying an EGFP reporter transgene expressed specifically in SSCs. In addition, genome wide expression differences between XX and XY E13 whole gonads were examined. Newly identified differentially expressed transcripts are potential GSD genes involved in unexplained human sex reversal cases. Keywords: microarray, mouse fetal gonadal somatic support cells, sex determination

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