Project description:In fish, the sex determining mechanisms can broadly be classified as genotypic (GSD), temperature-dependent (TSD), or genotypic plus temperature effects (GSD+TE). For the fish species with TSD or GSD+TE, extremely high or low temperature can affect its sex determination and differentiation. For long time, the underlying changes in DNA methylation that occur during high or low temperature induced sex reversal have not been fully clarified. In this study, we used Nile tilapia as a model to perform a genome-wide survey of differences in DNA methylation in female and male gonads between control and high temperature induced groups using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). We identified the high temperature induction-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), and performed functional enrichment analysis for genes exhibiting DMR. These identified differentially methylated genes were potentially involved in the connection between environmental temperature and sex reversal in Nile tilapia. In this study, four samples (control females, CF; control males, CM; induced females, IF; induced males, IM) were analyzed.
Project description:The swamp eel or rice field eel (Monopterus albus) taxonomically belongs to the family Synbranchidae of the order Synbranchiformes (Neoteleostei, Teleostei, Vertebrata). It is not only an economically important freshwater fish in aquacultural production, but also an increasingly known model species for biological studies. Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying sex change is a major area of interest. The swamp eel thus offers a powerful system for studying sexual development and adaptive evolution in vertebrates.The whole genome sequencing provides valuable resources for sex control in fish production, species protection through manipulating sex reversal genes, and potentially enabling effective population control and promoting reproduction health in human.
Project description:In fish, the sex determining mechanisms can broadly be classified as genotypic (GSD), temperature-dependent (TSD), or genotypic plus temperature effects (GSD+TE). For the fish species with TSD or GSD+TE, extremely high or low temperature can affect its sex determination and differentiation. For long time, the underlying changes in DNA methylation that occur during high or low temperature induced sex reversal have not been fully clarified. In this study, we used Nile tilapia as a model to perform a genome-wide survey of differences in DNA methylation in female and male gonads between control and high temperature induced groups using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). We identified the high temperature induction-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), and performed functional enrichment analysis for genes exhibiting DMR. These identified differentially methylated genes were potentially involved in the connection between environmental temperature and sex reversal in Nile tilapia.
Project description:The swamp eel or rice field eel (Monopterus albus) taxonomically belongs to the family Synbranchidae of the order Synbranchiformes (Neoteleostei, Teleostei, Vertebrata). It is not only an economically important freshwater fish in aquacultural production, but also an increasingly known model species for biological studies. Understanding molecular mechanisms underlying sex change is a major area of interest. The swamp eel thus offers a powerful system for studying sexual development and adaptive evolution in vertebrates.The whole genome sequencing provides valuable resources for sex control in fish production, species protection through manipulating sex reversal genes, and potentially enabling effective population control and promoting reproduction health in human. High throughput sequencing was employed for three samples,three kind s of sex gonad from swamp eel, testis,ovotestis and ovary, no replicates.
Project description:Foxl2 is a forkhead transcription factor essential for proper reproductive function in females. It is expressed in the somatic cell population of the gonad (granulosa cells) which forms the follicles of the ovary, the structures responsible for embedding and nurturing the oocytes during their development. FOXL2 directly regulate the aromatase that synthesizes estrogens CYP19A1, thus promoting female differentiation, as well as acting as a repressor of the male factors SOX9 and DMRT1.Expression is also found in the eyelids, pituitary gland and uterus. In the goat, frog and many fish species FOXL2 is a sex-determining gene which, when deleted, leads to female-to-male sex reversal.
2022-07-11 | PXD024439 | Pride
Project description:Sex reversal of orange-spotted grouper
Project description:Developmental gene expression is defined through cross-talk between the function of transcription factors and epigenetic status including histone modification. Although several known transcription factors play crucial roles in mammalian sex determination, how chromatin regulation contributes to this process is unknown. We observed male-to-female sex reversal in mice lacking the H3K9 demethylase Jmjd1a, and found that Jmjd1a directly regulates expression of the mammalian Y chromosome sex-determining gene Sry, by regulating H3K9me2 marks. These studies reveal a pivotal role for epigenetic regulation in mammalian sex determination, and provide new impetus for identifying additional causes of disorders of sex determination by environmental factors.
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series:; GSE9504: Expression data from hybrid female Xenopus sex reversal experiment; GSE9505: Expression data from hybrid male Xenopus sex reversal experiment Experiment Overall Design: Refer to individual Series
Project description:Sexual reproduction is nearly universal among multicellular animals, but sex can be determined by cues including sex chromosomes, temperature, social status, and photoperiod. DMRT transcription factors are key regulators of sex in animals that use diverse sex-determining strategies. These proteins are related to the sexual regulators Doublesex (Dsx) and Male abnormal-3 (MAB-3) of insects and nematodes, respectively. DMRT proteins share the DM DNA binding domain, comprised of a unique intertwined double zinc-binding module flanked by a C-terminal recognition helix that binds to a pseudopalindromic target DNA. Despite the central role of DMRT proteins in metazoan sexual development, how they recognize target DNA sequences is poorly understood. Here we find that DMRT proteins employ multiple DNA binding modes due to surprising versatility in how specific base contacts are made. Human DMRT1 can bind as a dimer, trimer or tetramer, in each case using paired antiparallel recognition helices that together insert into a widened DNA major groove to make base-specific contacts. Insertion of two helices in a single major groove is, to our knowledge, a DNA binding interaction unique to DMRT proteins. High resolution in vivo DNA binding analysis (ChIP-Exo) indicates that multiple DNA binding modes also are used in the mouse testis. Finally, we show that mutations affecting amino acid residues crucial for DNA recognition are associated with sex reversal in flies and also, for the first time, with male-to-female sex reversal in humans. Our results illuminate an ancient molecular interaction that underlies much of metazoan sexual development.