Mucosal immune response against equine herpesvirus type 1
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ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: PRJNA974455 | ENA |
REPOSITORIES: ENA
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Project description:To investigate pre-existing mucosal immunity in equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) immune and non-immune horses during experimental viral challenge. RNAseq was performed on nasal mucosal swab samples from immune and non-immune horses from pre (d-2), early (d1pi and d3pi), mid (d8pi and d10pi), and late (d18pi) infection.
2024-05-08 | GSE232941 | GEO
Project description:The interaction between Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) spores and the respiratory epithelium, as well as its impact on the epithelial barrier function, remain largely unknown. The respiratory epithelial barrier protects the respiratory epithelium against viral infections. However, it can be compromised by environmental contaminants such as pollen, thereby increasing susceptibility to respiratory viral infections, including alphaherpesvirus equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1). To determine whether Af spores disrupt the epithelial integrity and enhance susceptibility to viral infections, equine respiratory mucosal ex vivo explants were pretreated with Af spore diffusate, followed by EHV-1 inoculation. Af spore proteases were characterized by zymography and identified using mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Proteases of the serine protease, metalloprotease and aspartic protease groups were identified. Morphological analysis of hematoxylin-eosin (HE)-stained sections of the explants revealed that Af spores induced desquamation of epithelial cells and a significant increase in intercellular space at high and low concentrations, respectively. The increase in intercellular space in the epithelium caused by Af spore proteases correlated with an increase in EHV-1 infection. Together, our findings demonstrate that Af spore proteases disrupt epithelial integrity, potentially leading to increased viral infection of the respiratory epithelium.
2024-08-14 | PXD053508 | Pride
Project description:Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a major pathogen affecting equines worldwide and causes respiratory disease, abortion, and in some cases, neurological disease. EHV-1 strain KyA is attenuated in the mouse and equine, whereas wild-type strain RacL11 induces severe inflammatory infiltration of the lung, causing infected mice to succumb at 4 to 6 days post-infection. Our previous results showed that EHV-1 KyA immunization protected CBA mice from pathogenic RacL11 challenge at 2 and 4 weeks post-immunization, and that the infection with the attenuated KyA elicits protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. To investigate the protective mechanisms of EHV-1 KyA by innate immune responses, CBA mice immunized with live KyA were challenged with RacL11 at various times post-vaccination. KyA immunization effectively protected CBA mice from RacL11 challenge at 1 to 7 days post-immunization. Immunized mice lost less than 10% of their preinfection body weight and rapidly regained body weight. Lung virus titers in EHV-1 KyA-immunized CBA mice were 1,000-fold lower at 2 days post-RacL11 challenge than lungs of non-immunized mice, which was indicative of accelerated virus clearance. Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed that IFN-γ and 16 antiviral interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated 3.1- to 48.2-fold at 8 h post-challenge in the lungs of RacL11-challenged mice that had been immunized with KyA. Murine IFN-γinhibited EHV-1 infection of murine alveolar macrophage MH-S cells and effectively protected mice against lethal EHV-1 challenge, suggesting that IFN-γ expression may be important in mediating protection elicited by KyA immunization. These results suggest that EHV-1 KyA can be used as a live attenuated EHV-1 vaccine as well as a prophylactic agent in horses.
2016-05-07 | GSE81219 | GEO
Project description:This study established immunological and particularly antibacterial proteins in the skin mucus of Obscure puffer against A. hydrophila infection. These proteins could be potential biomarkers to be studied for prevention of bacterial disease in fish. Overall, the study provides primary insights into the mucosal immune factors in the skin mucus of fish and recommends each protein for functional-based molecular studies.
2024-08-16 | PXD054382 | Pride
Project description:Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is the causative agent of a number of equine pathological states, including severe disease of the central nervous system, respiratory infections, and abortion storms. Our results showed that intranasal immunization with CpG-B oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) protects CBA mice from lethal EHV-1 challenge. IFN-γ and seven interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were upregulated 39.4- to 260.3-fold at 8 h postchallenge in the lungs of RacL11-challenged mice that had been immunized with CpG-B ODN. Treatment with 20 ng/ml of IFN-γ reduced EHV-1 yield by 100-fold in MH-S at 4 days post-VZV infection compared to that of untreated cells. However, IFN-γ reduced virus yield by only 2-fold in and mouse fibroblast L-M cells. To identify IFN-γ-stimulated genes that inhibit EHV-1 replication, Affymetrix microarray analyses were performed with IFN-γ-treated MH-S and L-M cells. In MH-S cells, IFN-γ upregulated 551 genes and down-regulated 136 genes as compared to those of untreated cells. In L-M cells, IFN-γ upregulated 225 genes and downregulated 2 genes. Nine genes associated with innate immune response were significantly upregulated only in MH-S cells. Five antiviral ISGs MX1, SAMHD1, NAMPT, TREX1, and DDX60 were upregulated 3.2- to 18.1-fold only in MH-S cells. These results suggest that CpG-B ODN may be used as a prophylactic agent in horses.
2019-02-21 | GSE126813 | GEO
Project description:Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (KHV), is the aetiological agent of an emerging and lethal disease in common and koi carp. In this work we studied the immune response of two genetically different lines of common carp (Polish K and Polish R3) infected with CyHV-3 by immersion. The two carp lines presented a 20% difference in survival rate and, furthermore, significant difference in virus loads measured at day 3 post infection (p.i.). Microarray analysis revealed that 581 genes in line K (330 up-regulated, 251 down-regulated) and 107 genes in line R3 (77 up-regulated, 30 down-regulated), were at least 2-fold differentially expressed at day 3 p.i. compared to day 0. Genes which were at least 4-fold differentially expressed in both lines were selected as potential markers of an infection of common carp by CyHV-3. This group includes 17 up-regulated and only 1 down-regulated genes. In addition, microarray analysis revealed no significant differences in gene expression between line K and R3 at day 0. At day 3 p.i. there were, however, 76 genes that were at least 2-fold differentially expressed between the two lines. The kinetics of expression of T cell markers and selected cytokines indicate for higher activation of immune response in more resistant R3 line. Thus, our study revealed that differences in resistance to CyHV-3 between two carp lines can be correlated with differentially expressed immune-related genes. The experiment included four biological replicates with no dye swaps for (i) each strain (K and R3) and (ii) each condition (day 0 and day 3).
2012-01-05 | E-GEOD-30426 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Evolutionarily selected overexpression of the cytokine BAFF enhances mucosal immune response against P. falciparum
| PRJNA656778 | ENA
Project description:MV130 is an inactivated polybacterial mucosal vaccine that confers protection to patients against recurrent respiratory infections, including those of viral etiology. However, its mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Herein, we observe that intranasal prophylaxis with MV130 modulates the lung immune landscape and provides long term heterologous protection against viral respiratory infections in mice. Intranasal administration of MV130 provided protection against systemic candidiasis in wild-type and Rag1-deficient mice lacking functional lymphocytes, indicative of innate immune-mediated protection. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of trained immunity with metformin abrogated the protection conferred by MV130 against Influenza A virus respiratory infection. MV130 induced reprogramming of mouse bone marrow progenitor cells and human monocytes, promoting an enhanced cytokine production that relied on metabolic and epigenetic shifts. Our results unveil that the mucosal a dministration of a fully inactivated bacterial vaccine provides protection against viral infections by a mechanism associated with the induction of trained immunity. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2021-11-10 | GSE183721 | GEO
Project description:Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), also known as koi herpesvirus (KHV), is the aetiological agent of an emerging and lethal disease in common and koi carp. In this work we studied the immune response of two genetically different lines of common carp (Polish K and Polish R3) infected with CyHV-3 by immersion. The two carp lines presented a 20% difference in survival rate and, furthermore, significant difference in virus loads measured at day 3 post infection (p.i.). Microarray analysis revealed that 581 genes in line K (330 up-regulated, 251 down-regulated) and 107 genes in line R3 (77 up-regulated, 30 down-regulated), were at least 2-fold differentially expressed at day 3 p.i. compared to day 0. Genes which were at least 4-fold differentially expressed in both lines were selected as potential markers of an infection of common carp by CyHV-3. This group includes 17 up-regulated and only 1 down-regulated genes. In addition, microarray analysis revealed no significant differences in gene expression between line K and R3 at day 0. At day 3 p.i. there were, however, 76 genes that were at least 2-fold differentially expressed between the two lines. The kinetics of expression of T cell markers and selected cytokines indicate for higher activation of immune response in more resistant R3 line. Thus, our study revealed that differences in resistance to CyHV-3 between two carp lines can be correlated with differentially expressed immune-related genes.
2012-01-05 | GSE30426 | GEO
Project description:Compared to intramuscular vaccines, nasally administered vaccines have the advantage of inducing local mucosal immune responses that may block infection and interrupt transmission of respiratory pathogens1. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is commonly used in children2, but its effectiveness declines with age3. This may be attributed to the gradual accumulation of homo- or hetero-subtypic immunity that blocks vaccine replication necessary to induce protective responses3, 4. Despite its demonstrable efficacy against influenza in children, correlates of protection for LAIV remain elusive5. Studying young adult volunteers we found that LAIV induced distinct, compartmentalized, antibody responses in the mucosa and blood. LAIV also induced mucosal IL-33 release in the first 8 hours post-inoculation and distinct CD8+ and cTfh T cell activation profiles. Mucosal antibodies are induced separately from blood antibodies and may provide a simple and novel correlate of protection for mucosal vaccination.
2023-10-19 | GSE230494 | GEO