Project description:In human obesity, the stroma vascular fraction (SVF) of white adipose tissue (WAT) is enriched in macrophages. These cells may contribute to low-grade inflammation and to its metabolic complications. Little is known about the effect of weight loss on macrophages and genes involved in macrophage attraction. We examined subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) of 7 lean and 17 morbidly obese subjects before and 3 months after bypass surgery. Immunomorphological changes of the number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages were evaluated, along with concomitant changes in expression of SVF-overexpressed genes. The number of scWAT-infiltrating macrophages before surgery was higher in obese than in lean subjects (HAM56+/CD68+; 22.6 +/- 4.3 vs. 1.4 +/- 0.6%, P < 0.001). Typical "crowns" of macrophages were observed around adipocytes. Drastic weight loss resulted in a significant decrease in macrophage number (-11.63 +/- 2.3%, P < 0.001), and remaining macrophages stained positive for the anti-inflammatory protein interleukin 10. Genes involved in macrophage attraction (monocyte chemotactic protein [MCP]-1, plasminogen activator urokinase receptor [PLAUR], and colony-stimulating factor [CSF]-3) and hypoxia (hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha [HIF-1alpha]), expression of which increases in obesity and decreases after surgery, were predominantly expressed in the SVF. We show that improvement of the inflammatory profile after weight loss is related to a reduced number of macrophages in scWAT. MCP-1, PLAUR, CSF-3, and HIF-1alpha may play roles in the attraction of macrophages in scWAT. Keywords: disease state analysis
Project description:Wild type (C57BL/6J) mice were divided in control (W), leptin-treated (E) and pair-fed (F). Obese (ob/ob) mice were divided in control (O), leptin-treated (L) and pair-fed (P). Control (W and O) and pair-fed animals (F and P) received vehicle (PBS), while E and L groups were intraperitoneally administrated with leptin for 28 days. Control (W and O) and leptin-treated (E and L) groups were provided with water and food ad libitum with, while daily food intake of pair fed (F and P) groups were matched to the amount eaten by the leptin-treated groups (E and L) the day before to discriminate the inhibitory effect of leptin on appetite.
Project description:Objective: The etiology of PCOS is mostly unknown. Existing data support both genetic and environmental factors in its pathogenesis. Design: Prospective case - control study. Setting: University Hospital. Patients: 25 patients undergoing IVF-ICSI treatment. Intervention: Genome-wide oligonucleotide microarray technology was used to study differential gene-expression patterns of cultured human cumulus cells from IVF patients divided into 4 groups according to disease state (PCOS vs. Control) and BMI (Obese vs. Lean). Results: Two differential PCOS gene expression profiles were established: Lean-Type was formed by comparing PCOS lean (PL) vs. non-PCOS lean (NL) individuals; Obese-Type was formed by comparing PCOS obese (PO) vs. non-PCOS (NO) obese patients. Conclusions: Different molecular pathways are associated with PCOS in Lean and Obese individuals, as demonstrated by gene expression profiling of cumulus cells. Our findings provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of PCOS. We used microarrays to study the gene expression of human cultured cumulus cells. We compared the genes expression of lean PCOS, Obese PCOS, lean controls and obese controls. Different molecular pathways are associated with PCOS in Lean and Obese patients. Experiment Overall Design: Cumulus cells obtained from woman undergoing IVF/ICSI. Following oocyte retrieval, cumulus cells were stripped from the oocyte, in preparation for the ICSI process, with a micropipette. After 48h in culture the cumulus cells were collected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We compered the expression profile of 4 groups - lean PCOS, obese PCOS, lean controls and obese controls.
Project description:Individualized analysis through expression profiling of 20,000 probes in 28 tissue samples evaluated in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue obtained during surgical intervention in non-obese and obese patients. Patients consisted of men and women of varying body size (lean to severely obese). Samples were collected at the time of operation in the fasting state. Samples consisted of subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue as well as a blood sample from lean and obese men and women removed in the fasting state at the time of surgery.
Project description:Microarray analysis comparing gene expression profiles of primary cultured preadipocytes from non-diabetic lean vs non-diabetic obese Pima Indian subjects (a subset of the subjects from the adipocyte genechip project, GSE2508). Primary cultured abdominal subcutaneous preadipocytes from 14 lean (7 Males / 7 Females) and 14 obese (7M/7F) subjects were hybridized individually to Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays HG-U133A and B.
Project description:Obesity is risk factor for development of fatty liver. Analysis of altered gene expression gives better understading about the mechanisms involved/alterted in the development of obesity-induced fattyliver in this new obese rat model. We used Microarrays to delinate the alted gene expression in liver of WNIN/Ob obese rats Liver was collected from 4 month old WNIN/Ob lean and obese rats for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymatrix Rat gene 1ST arrays. Four RNA samples from each phenotype were pooled and used for the study.
Project description:Microarray analysis comparing gene expression profiles of adipocytes from non-diabetic lean vs non-diabetic obese Pima Indian subjects to identify differentially expressed adipocyte genes with obesity. RNA samples of isolated abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes from 20 lean (10 Males / 10 Females, aged 31±6 year, Body Mass Index 25±3 kg/m2 ) and 19 obese (9M/10F, 29±5y, 55±8 kg/m2 ) subjects were hybridized individually to Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays HG-U95A, B, C, D, and E.
Project description:Objective: The etiology of PCOS is mostly unknown. Existing data support both genetic and environmental factors in its pathogenesis. Design: Prospective case - control study. Setting: University Hospital. Patients: 25 patients undergoing IVF-ICSI treatment. Intervention: Genome-wide oligonucleotide microarray technology was used to study differential gene-expression patterns of cultured human cumulus cells from IVF patients divided into 4 groups according to disease state (PCOS vs. Control) and BMI (Obese vs. Lean). Results: Two differential PCOS gene expression profiles were established: Lean-Type was formed by comparing PCOS lean (PL) vs. non-PCOS lean (NL) individuals; Obese-Type was formed by comparing PCOS obese (PO) vs. non-PCOS (NO) obese patients. Conclusions: Different molecular pathways are associated with PCOS in Lean and Obese individuals, as demonstrated by gene expression profiling of cumulus cells. Our findings provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of PCOS. We used microarrays to study the gene expression of human cultured cumulus cells. We compared the genes expression of lean PCOS, Obese PCOS, lean controls and obese controls. Different molecular pathways are associated with PCOS in Lean and Obese patients. Keywords: disease state analysis