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A molecular mechanism that links Hippo signalling to the inhibition of Wnt/?-catenin signalling.

ABSTRACT: The Hippo signalling pathway has emerged as a key regulator of organ size, tissue homeostasis, and patterning. Recent studies have shown that two effectors in this pathway, YAP/TAZ, modulate Wnt/?-catenin signalling through their interaction with ?-catenin or Dishevelled, depending on biological contexts. Here, we identify a novel mechanism through which Hippo signalling inhibits Wnt/?-catenin signalling. We show that YAP and TAZ, the transcriptional co-activators in the Hippo pathway, suppress Wnt signalling without suppressing the stability of ?-catenin but through preventing its nuclear translocation. Our results show that YAP/TAZ binds to ?-catenin, thereby suppressing Wnt-target gene expression, and that the Hippo pathway-stimulated phosphorylation of YAP, which induces cytoplasmic translocation of YAP, is required for the YAP-mediated inhibition of Wnt/?-catenin signalling. We also find that downregulation of Hippo signalling correlates with upregulation of ?-catenin signalling in colorectal cancers. Remarkably, our analysis demonstrates that phosphorylated YAP suppresses nuclear translocation of ?-catenin by directly binding to it in the cytoplasm. These results provide a novel mechanism, in which Hippo signalling antagonizes Wnt signalling by regulating nuclear translocation of ?-catenin.

SUBMITTER: Imajo M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3297994 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A molecular mechanism that links Hippo signalling to the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling.

Imajo Masamichi M Miyatake Koichi K Iimura Akira A Miyamoto Atsumu A Nishida Eisuke E

The EMBO journal 20120110 5

The Hippo signalling pathway has emerged as a key regulator of organ size, tissue homeostasis, and patterning. Recent studies have shown that two effectors in this pathway, YAP/TAZ, modulate Wnt/β-catenin signalling through their interaction with β-catenin or Dishevelled, depending on biological contexts. Here, we identify a novel mechanism through which Hippo signalling inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signalling. We show that YAP and TAZ, the transcriptional co-activators in the Hippo pathway, suppress ...[more]

PMID: 22234184

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Project description:Wnt proteins modulate cell proliferation and differentiation and the self-renewal of stem cells by inducing ?-catenin-dependent signalling through the Wnt receptor frizzled (FZD) and the co-receptors LRP5 and LRP6 to regulate cell fate decisions and the growth and repair of several tissues. The 19 mammalian Wnt proteins are cross-reactive with the 10 FZD receptors, and this has complicated the attribution of distinct biological functions to specific FZD and Wnt subtype interactions. Furthermore, Wnt proteins are modified post-translationally by palmitoylation, which is essential for their secretion, function and interaction with FZD receptors. As a result of their acylation, Wnt proteins are very hydrophobic and require detergents for purification, which presents major obstacles to the preparation and application of recombinant Wnt proteins. This hydrophobicity has hindered the determination of the molecular mechanisms of Wnt signalling activation and the functional importance of FZD subtypes, and the use of Wnt proteins as therapeutic agents. Here we develop surrogate Wnt agonists, water-soluble FZD-LRP5/LRP6 heterodimerizers, with FZD5/FZD8-specific and broadly FZD-reactive binding domains. Similar to WNT3A, these Wnt agonists elicit a characteristic ?-catenin signalling response in a FZD-selective fashion, enhance the osteogenic lineage commitment of primary mouse and human mesenchymal stem cells, and support the growth of a broad range of primary human organoid cultures. In addition, the surrogates can be systemically expressed and exhibit Wnt activity in vivo in the mouse liver, regulating metabolic liver zonation and promoting hepatocyte proliferation, resulting in hepatomegaly. These surrogates demonstrate that canonical Wnt signalling can be activated by bi-specific ligands that induce receptor heterodimerization. Furthermore, these easily produced, non-lipidated Wnt surrogate agonists facilitate functional studies of Wnt signalling and the exploration of Wnt agonists for translational applications in regenerative medicine.

Dataset Information

A molecular mechanism that links Hippo signalling to the inhibition of Wnt/?-catenin signalling.

Publications

A molecular mechanism that links Hippo signalling to the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling.

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