Dataset Information

Variants located upstream of CHRNB4 on chromosome 15q25.1 are associated with age at onset of daily smoking and habitual smoking.

ABSTRACT: Several genome-wide association and candidate gene studies have linked chromosome 15q24-q25.1 (a region including the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster) with alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence and smoking-related illnesses such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To further examine the impact of these genes on the development of substance use disorders, we tested whether variants within and flanking the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster affect the transition to daily smoking (individuals who smoked cigarettes 4 or more days per week) in a cross sectional sample of adolescents and young adults from the COGA (Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism) families. Subjects were recruited from families affected with alcoholism (either as a first or second degree relative) and the comparison families. Participants completed the SSAGA interview, a comprehensive assessment of alcohol and other substance use and related behaviors. Using the Quantitative trait disequilibrium test (QTDT) significant association was detected between age at onset of daily smoking and variants located upstream of CHRNB4. Multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazards model further revealed that these variants significantly predict the age at onset of habitual smoking among daily smokers. These variants were not in high linkage disequilibrium (0.28

SUBMITTER: Kapoor M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3306405 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Variants located upstream of CHRNB4 on chromosome 15q25.1 are associated with age at onset of daily smoking and habitual smoking.

Kapoor Manav M Wang Jen-Chyong JC Bertelsen Sarah S Bucholz Kathy K Budde John P JP Hinrichs Anthony A Agrawal Arpana A Brooks Andrew A Chorlian David D Dick Danielle D Hesselbrock Victor V Foroud Tatiana T Kramer John J Kuperman Samuel S Manz Niklas N Nurnberger John J Porjesz Bernice B Rice John J Tischfield Jay J Xuei Xiaoling X Schuckit Marc M Edenberg Howard J HJ Bierut Laura J LJ Goate Alison M AM

PloS one 20120316 3

Several genome-wide association and candidate gene studies have linked chromosome 15q24-q25.1 (a region including the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster) with alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence and smoking-related illnesses such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To further examine the impact of these genes on the development of substance use disorders, we tested whether variants within and flanking the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster affect the transition to daily s ...[more]

PMID: 22438940

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Project description:IntroductionReducing adverse events from pharmacologic treatment is an important goal of precision medicine and identifying genetic predictors of adverse events is a step toward this goal. In 2012, King et al. reported associations between genetic variants and adverse events in a placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial of varenicline and bupropion. Strong associations were found between gastrointestinal adverse events and 11 variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 region of chromosome 15, a region repeatedly associated with smoking-related phenotypes. Our goal was to replicate, in an independent sample, the impact of variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 region on gastrointestinal adverse events and to extend the analyses to adherence and smoking cessation.MethodsThe University of Wisconsin Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (TTURC) conducted a multiarmed, placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial of bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy that included 985 genotyped European-ancestry participants. We evaluated relationships between our key variables using logistic regression.ResultsGastrointestinal adverse events were experienced by 31.6% TTURC participants. Each of the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 associations from the King et al. study was found in TTURC, with the same direction of effect. Neither these variants nor the gastrointestinal adverse events themselves were associated with adherence to medication or successful smoking cessation.ConclusionsVariants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 region of chromosome 15 are associated with gastrointestinal adverse events in smoking cessation. Additional independent variants in this region strengthen the association. The consistency between the results of these two independent studies supports the conclusion that these findings reflect biological response to the use of smoking cessation medication.ImplicationsThe fact that our findings from the TTURC smoking cessation trial support the independent findings of King et al. suggest that associations of variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 region of chromosome 15 with gastrointestinal adverse events while taking medications for smoking cessation reflect biology. However, although adherence to medication was a strong predictor of successful smoking cessation in TTURC, neither adverse events nor the genetic variants associated with them predicted either adherence or successful cessation in this study. Thus, although we should strive to minimize adverse events during treatment, we should not expect that to increase successful smoking cessation substantially.

Project description:Recently, genetic association findings for nicotine dependence, smoking behavior, and smoking-related diseases converged to implicate the chromosome 15q25.1 region, which includes the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 cholinergic nicotinic receptor subunit genes. In particular, association with the nonsynonymous CHRNA5 SNP rs16969968 and correlates has been replicated in several independent studies. Extensive genotyping of this region has suggested additional statistically distinct signals for nicotine dependence, tagged by rs578776 and rs588765. One goal of the Consortium for the Genetic Analysis of Smoking Phenotypes (CGASP) is to elucidate the associations among these markers and dichotomous smoking quantity (heavy versus light smoking), lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a meta-analysis across 34 datasets of European-ancestry subjects, including 38,617 smokers who were assessed for cigarettes-per-day, 7,700 lung cancer cases and 5,914 lung-cancer-free controls (all smokers), and 2,614 COPD cases and 3,568 COPD-free controls (all smokers). We demonstrate statistically independent associations of rs16969968 and rs588765 with smoking (mutually adjusted p-values<10(-35) and <10(-8) respectively). Because the risk alleles at these loci are negatively correlated, their association with smoking is stronger in the joint model than when each SNP is analyzed alone. Rs578776 also demonstrates association with smoking after adjustment for rs16969968 (p<10(-6)). In models adjusting for cigarettes-per-day, we confirm the association between rs16969968 and lung cancer (p<10(-20)) and observe a nominally significant association with COPD (p = 0.01); the other loci are not significantly associated with either lung cancer or COPD after adjusting for rs16969968. This study provides strong evidence that multiple statistically distinct loci in this region affect smoking behavior. This study is also the first report of association between rs588765 (and correlates) and smoking that achieves genome-wide significance; these SNPs have previously been associated with mRNA levels of CHRNA5 in brain and lung tissue.

Dataset Information

Variants located upstream of CHRNB4 on chromosome 15q25.1 are associated with age at onset of daily smoking and habitual smoking.

Publications

Variants located upstream of CHRNB4 on chromosome 15q25.1 are associated with age at onset of daily smoking and habitual smoking.

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