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Maintaining a high physical activity level over 20 years and weight gain.

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT:Data supporting physical activity guidelines to prevent long-term weight gain are sparse, particularly during the period when the highest risk of weight gain occurs. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the relationship between habitual activity levels and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference over 20 years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a prospective longitudinal study with 20 years of follow-up, 1985-1986 to 2005-2006. Habitual activity was defined as maintaining high, moderate, and low activity levels based on sex-specific tertiles of activity scores at baseline. Participants comprised a population-based multicenter cohort (Chicago, Illinois; Birmingham, Alabama; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Oakland, California) of 3554 men and women aged 18 to 30 years at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Average annual changes in BMI and waist circumference. RESULTS:Over 20 years, maintaining high levels of activity was associated with smaller gains in BMI and waist circumference compared with low activity levels after adjustment for race, baseline BMI, age, education, cigarette smoking status, alcohol use, and energy intake. Men maintaining high activity gained 2.6 fewer kilograms (0.15 BMI units per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.18 vs 0.20 in the lower activity group; 95% CI, 0.17-0.23), and women maintaining higher activity gained 6.1 fewer kilograms (0.17 BMI units per year; 95% CI, 0.12-0.21 vs 0.30 in the lower activity group; 95% CI, 0.25-0.34). Men maintaining high activity gained 3.1 fewer centimeters in waist circumference (0.52 cm per year; 95% CI, 0.43-0.61 cm vs 0.67 cm in the lower activity group; 95% CI,0.60-0.75 cm) and women maintaining higher activity gained 3.8 fewer centimeters(0.49 cm per year; 95% CI, 0.39-0.58 cm vs 0.67 cm in the lower activity group; 95% CI, 0.60-0.75 cm) [corrected]. CONCLUSION:Maintaining high activity levels through young adulthood may lessen weight gain as young adults transition to middle age, particularly in women.

SUBMITTER: Hankinson AL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3864556 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maintaining a high physical activity level over 20 years and weight gain.

Hankinson Arlene L AL Daviglus Martha L ML Bouchard Claude C Carnethon Mercedes M Lewis Cora E CE Schreiner Pamela J PJ Liu Kiang K Sidney Stephen S

JAMA 20101201 23

<h4>Context</h4>Data supporting physical activity guidelines to prevent long-term weight gain are sparse, particularly during the period when the highest risk of weight gain occurs.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the relationship between habitual activity levels and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference over 20 years.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a prospective longitudinal study with 20 years of f ...[more]

PMID: 21156948

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Project description:BACKGROUND:While physical activity interventions have been reported to reduce hospital stays, it is not clear if, in the general population, usual physical activity patterns may be associated with subsequent hospital use independently of other lifestyle factors. OBJECTIVE:We examined the relationship between reported usual physical activity and subsequent admissions to hospital and time spent in hospital for 11,228 men and 13,786 women aged 40-79?years in the general population. METHODS:Participants from a British prospective population-based cohort study were followed for 20?years (1999-2019) using record linkage to document hospital usage. Total physical activity was estimated by combining workplace and leisure time activity reported in a baseline lifestyle questionnaire and repeated in a subset at a second time point approximately 12?years later. RESULTS:Compared to those reporting no physical activity, participants who were the most active had a lower likelihood of spending more than 20?days in hospital odds ratio (OR) 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81-0.96) over the next 20?years after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, education, social class and body mass index. Participants reporting any activity had a mean of 0.42 fewer hospital days per year between 1999 and 2009 compared to inactive participants, an estimated potential saving to the National Health Service (NHS) of £247 per person per year, or approximately 7% of UK health expenditure. Participants who remained physically active or became active 12?years later had lower risk of subsequent hospital usage than those who remained inactive or became inactive, p-trend <?0.001. CONCLUSION:Usual physical activity in this middle-aged and older population predicts lower future hospitalisations - time spent in hospital and number of admissions independently of behavioural and sociodemographic factors. Small feasible differences in usual physical activity in the general population may potentially have a substantial impact on hospital usage and costs.

Dataset Information

Maintaining a high physical activity level over 20 years and weight gain.

Publications

Maintaining a high physical activity level over 20 years and weight gain.

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