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Driving CARs on the uneven road of antigen heterogeneity in solid tumors.


ABSTRACT: Uniform and strong expression of CD19, a cell surface antigen, on cells of B-cell lineage is unique to hematologic malignancies. Tumor-associated antigen (TAA) targets in solid tumors exhibit heterogeneity with regards to intensity and distribution, posing a challenge for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Novel CAR designs, such as dual TAA-targeted CARs, tandem CARs, and switchable CARs, in conjunction with inhibitory CARs, are being investigated as means to overcome antigen heterogeneity. In addition to heterogeneity in cancer-cell antigen expression, the key determinants for antitumor responses are CAR expression levels and affinity in T cells. Herein, we review CAR T-cell therapy clinical trials for patients with lung or pancreatic cancers, and provide detailed translational strategies to overcome antigen heterogeneity.

SUBMITTER: Chen N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5943172 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Driving CARs on the uneven road of antigen heterogeneity in solid tumors.

Chen Nan N   Li Xiaoyu X   Chintala Navin K NK   Tano Zachary E ZE   Adusumilli Prasad S PS  

Current opinion in immunology 20180316


Uniform and strong expression of CD19, a cell surface antigen, on cells of B-cell lineage is unique to hematologic malignancies. Tumor-associated antigen (TAA) targets in solid tumors exhibit heterogeneity with regards to intensity and distribution, posing a challenge for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Novel CAR designs, such as dual TAA-targeted CARs, tandem CARs, and switchable CARs, in conjunction with inhibitory CARs, are being investigated as means to overcome antigen heter  ...[more]

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