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Orb-weaver spider (Trichonephila clavata) proteome

ABSTRACT: Proteome analysis of a dragline silk in Trichonephila clavata (family Araneidae)

ORGANISM(S): Cellular Organisms

SUBMITTER: Kazuharu Arakawa

PROVIDER: PXD024376 | JPOST Repository | Wed Jul 21 00:00:00 BST 2021

REPOSITORIES: jPOST

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			Action	DRS
	200327mm_001_Jorogumo-%237605-U-191024-1_Trypsin_200ng.d_analysis.tdf	Other
	200327mm_001_Jorogumo-%237605-U-191024-1_Trypsin_200ng.d_analysis.tdf_bin	Other
	200327mm_001_Jorogumo-%237605-U-191024-1_Trypsin_200ng.mzML	Mzml
	200327mm_002_Jorogumo-%237605-U-191031-1_Trypsin_200ng.d_analysis.tdf	Other
	200327mm_002_Jorogumo-%237605-U-191031-1_Trypsin_200ng.mzML	Mzml

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Publications

Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk.

Kono Nobuaki N Nakamura Hiroyuki H Mori Masaru M Yoshida Yuki Y Ohtoshi Rintaro R Malay Ali D AD Pedrazzoli Moran Daniel A DA Tomita Masaru M Numata Keiji K Arakawa Kazuharu K

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20210801 31

Dragline silk of golden orb-weaver spiders (Nephilinae) is noted for its unsurpassed toughness, combining extraordinary extensibility and tensile strength, suggesting industrial application as a sustainable biopolymer material. To pinpoint the molecular composition of dragline silk and the roles of its constituents in achieving its mechanical properties, we report a multiomics approach, combining high-quality genome sequencing and assembly, silk gland transcriptomics, and dragline silk proteomic ...[more]

PMID: 34312234

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An RNA Virome Associated to the Golden Orb-Weaver Spider Nephila clavipes.

Project description:The golden orb-weaver spider Nephila clavipes, known for its sexual size dimorphism, is abundant and widespread in the New World. The first annotated genome of orb-weaver spiders, exploring N. clavipes, has recently been reported. The study, focused primarily on the diversity of silk specific genes, shed light into the complex evolutionary history of spiders. Furthermore, a robust transcriptome analysis provided a massive resource for N. clavipes RNA survey. Here, I present evidence of viral sequences corresponding to the first 10 extant virus species associated to N. clavipes and indeed, nephilids. The putatively new species are linked to ssRNA positive-strand viruses, such as Picornavirales, and to ssRNA negative-strand and dsRNA viruses. In addition, I detected sequence data of new strains of two recently reported arthropod viruses, which complemented and extended the corresponding sequence references. The identified viruses appear to be complete, potentially functional, and presenting the typical architecture and consistent viral domains. The intrinsic nature of the detected sequences and their absence in the recently generated genome assembly, suggest that they correspond to bona fide RNA virus sequences. The available RNA data allowed for the first time to address a tissue/organ specific analysis of virus loads/presence in spiders, suggesting a complex spatial and differential distribution of the tentative viruses, encompassing the spider brain and also silk and venom glands. Until recently, the virus landscape associated to spiders remained elusive. The discovered viruses described here provide only a fragmented glimpse of the potential magnitude of the Aranea virosphere. Future studies should focus not only on complementing and expanding these findings, but also on addressing the potential ecological role of these viruses, which might influence the biology of these outstanding arthropod species.

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Detect the shared protein components between spider dragline silk and silkworm cocoon by Label free quantitative proteomics

Project description:The spider major ampullate gland and silkworm silk gland have similar morphological structure and function, so we explored whether there are some common protein components on silks, with three biological replicates for each sample. Dragline silk samples from mature female Trichonephila clavata spider and cocoon samples are from silkworm Bombyx mori chain. The dragline silk of the spider T. clavata and cocoon silk of the silkworm B. mori were cut with scissors. First, silk samples (20 mg of each sample) were dissolved in 500 μL of 9 M LiSCN, and the supernatant was collected after centrifugation (10,000 × g, 10 min). Protein concentrations were measured via the Bradford protein assay (Beyotime, China). Then, the samples were diluted 10-fold in an 8 M urea solution, mixed with 5 × SDS–PAGE buffer, and separated using a NuPAGE 4–12% Bis-Tris protein gel (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). The samples were subsequently digested using trypsin, and peptides were measured via LC–MS/MS on a Q Exactive HF-X column.

2022-12-09 | PXD038734 |

Age variation in the body coloration of the orb-weaver spider Alpaida tuonabo and its implications on foraging.

Project description:Spiders show a repertoire of strategies to increase their foraging success. In particular, some orb-weaver spiders use attractive body colorations to lure prey. Interestingly, coloration varies with age in many species, which may result in ontogenetic variation of foraging success. By using field observations, laboratory experiments and spectrophotometric analysis, we investigated whether pale juveniles and bright adults of the orb-weaver Alpaida tuonabo use different foraging strategies due to ontogenetic variation in coloration. Field observations revealed that foraging success of juveniles and adults was influenced by web properties. However, foraging success increased with body size only in adults, supporting the idea that larger individuals produce a stronger visual signal for prey. The attractiveness of the adult coloration for prey was confirmed in the laboratory with frame-web-choice experiments, in which webs bearing a spider intercepted more bees than empty webs. Our spectrophotometric analysis suggests that the yellow coloration may produce the deceiving signal for prey. Moreover, we identified potential alternative foraging strategies: cryptic juveniles at higher heights and 'attractive' adults at lower heights. This study reveals how ontogenetic colour variation may favour the use of alternative foraging strategies in orb-weaver spiders and reduces intraspecific competition.

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