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Monitoring α-synuclein ubiquitination dynamics reveals key endosomal effectors mediating its trafficking and degradation

ABSTRACT: While defective α-synuclein homeostasis is central to the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s, fundamental questions about its intracellular trafficking remain unresolved. We have developed a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay in living cells to monitor de novo ubiquitination of α-synuclein. We identified lysine residues 45, 58 and 60 as critical ubiquitination sites for the degradation of α-synuclein. This is mediated by NBR1 binding to ubiquitinated α-synuclein and entry into endosomes in a process that involves ESCRT I-III complexes for subsequent lysosomal degradation. Autophagy or the autophagic chaperone Hsc70 are dispensable for this pathway. Antibodies against diglycine-modified α-synuclein peptides confirmed that endogenous α-synuclein is similarly ubiquitinated in brain and targeted to the lysosome in rat primary and human iPSC-derived neurons. Ubiquitinated α-synuclein was detected in Lewy bodies and cellular models of aggregation suggesting that it may be entrapped with endo/lysosomes in inclusion bodies. Collectively, our data elucidate the intracellular trafficking of de novo ubiquitinated α-synuclein and provide the tools for investigating the rapidly turned-over fraction of this disease-causing protein.

INSTRUMENT(S): Orbitrap Fusion Lumos, Q Exactive

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens (human)

TISSUE(S): Brain, Stem Cell

DISEASE(S): Parkinson's Disease

SUBMITTER: Roman Fischer

LAB HEAD: Roman Ficher

PROVIDER: PXD038364 | Pride | 2023-05-17

REPOSITORIES: Pride

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			Action	DRS
	FL1109_MSQ1657_20190412_DimitryZenko_S1.raw	Raw
	FL1109_MSQ1657_20190412_DimitryZenko_S2.raw	Raw
	MSQ1657combined.zip	Other
	QE1176_MSQ1742_DZenko.zip	Other
	QE1176_MSQ1742_DZenko_GFP.raw	Raw

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Project description:Autophagy involvement in plant response to nitrogen, carbon and sulfur starvation was already reported, however the mechanisms responsible for its regulation and selectivity in such conditions were not yet investigated. We observed increased amounts of NBR1 transcript in plants exposed to sulfur deficit as compared to the control plants grown in nutrient sufficient conditions. This observation prompted us to investigate the role of this selective autophagy cargo receptor in plant response to sulfur deficit. Transcriptome analysis of the wild type and NBR overexpressing plants revealed differences in gene expression changes in response to sulfur deficit. Moreover, NBR1 overexpressors have significantly shorter roots than WT, when grown in nutrient deficient conditions in the presence of TOR kinase inhibitors, namely in the conditions leading to autophagy induction. Besides, NBR1 overexpression promoted stomata closure while NBR1 depletion stomata opening. Surprisingly, all lines had more closed stomata when grown in sulfur deficient than sulfur optimal conditions, what indicates that this effect is independent from NBR1. Similarly, ABA-dependent stomatal closure was independent from NBR1 and growth conditions. Cysteine also promoted stomatal closure in NBR1-independent way in plants grown in the optimal medium but in contrast, reduced the number of open stomata in plants from sulfur deficient medium. Interaction network analysis of the proteins co-purifying with NBR1 revealed links with proteins involved in degradation systems, and endosomal trafficking and a surprizing connection with nuclear transport. In addition, several proteins co-purifying with NBR1 were found only in sulfur deficient conditions. One of them, ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) was further confirmed as a direct NBR1 interactor. Localization of the RPS6 interaction sites in NBR1 indicated that ubiquitin binding domain of NBR1 is not required for this interaction what means that it is rather not the classical “ubiquitinated target - autophagy receptor” interaction.

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Monitoring α-synuclein ubiquitination dynamics reveals key endosomal effectors mediating its trafficking and degradation

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