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Chemical reprogramming of mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast into endoderm lineage

ABSTRACT: We report here an approach to redirect somatic cell fate under chemically defined conditions without transcription factors. We start by converting mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to epithelial-like cells (ciELC) with chemicals and growth factors. Subsequent cell fate mapping reveals a robust induction of SOX17 in the resulting ELCs that can be further reprogrammed to endodermal progenitor cells (ciEPC). Interestingly, these cells can self-renew in vitro and further differentiate into albumin-producing hepatocytes that can rescue mice from acute live injury. Our results demonstrate a rational approach to convert MEFs to hepatocytes and suggest that this mechanism-driven approach may be generalized for other cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE104555 | GEO | 2017/10/04

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA413045

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Cardiac muscle differentiation in vivo is guided by sequential growth factor signals, including endoderm-derived diffusible factors, impinging on cardiogenic genes in the developing mesoderm. Previously, by RNA interference in AB2.2 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we identified the endodermal transcription factor Sox17 as essential for Mesp1 induction in primitive mesoderm and subsequent cardiac muscle differentiation. However, downstream effectors of Sox17 remained to be proven functionally. In this study, we used genome-wide profiling of Sox17-dependent genes in AB2.2 cells, RNA interference, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter genes to dissect this pathway. Sox17 was required not only for Hhex (a second endodermal transcription factor) but also for Cer1, a growth factor inhibitor from endoderm that, like Hhex, controls mesoderm patterning in Xenopus toward a cardiac fate. Suppressing Hhex or Cer1 blocked cardiac myogenesis, although at a later stage than induction of Mesp1/2. Hhex was required but not sufficient for Cer1 expression. Over-expression of Sox17 induced endogenous Cer1 and sequence-specific transcription of a Cer1 reporter gene. Forced expression of Cer1 was sufficient to rescue cardiac differentiation in Hhex-deficient cells. Thus, Hhex and Cer1 are indispensable components of the Sox17 pathway for cardiopoiesis in mESCs, acting at a stage downstream from Mesp1/2. Keywords: Cardiac development, Embryonic stem cells, Endoderm, Myogenesis, RNA interference Genome-wide expression profiling of Sox17-dependent genes. Mouse embryonic stem cells expressing Sox17 or luciferase shRNA were differentiated for up to 10 days by the embryoid body method [PMID:8155574], then were analysed using Affymetrix microarrays. ESCs were transduced with lentiviral vectors coexpressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) with shRNA against Sox17, or against firefly luciferase. Transduced cells were flow-sorted based on GFP fluorescence, grown as embryoid bodies, and transferred to tissue culture plates after 4.5 days [PMID:17360443]. Cells were harvested at days 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 in two biological replicates, except where noted.

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Chemical reprogramming of mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast into endoderm lineage

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